From the book “Hayat al-Sahaba”
Know the Companions of Your Messenger
May Allah be pleased with them all
﴿وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَهَاجَرُوا وَجَاهَدُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَالَّذِينَ آوَوْا وَنَصَرُوا أُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ حَقًّا لَهُمْ مَغْفِرَةٌ وَرِزْقٌ كَرِيمٌ﴾
Reading Methodology
Biography as a Choice
We read the event to understand the choice made by the Companion, and what that choice revealed of faith and character.
Reporting as a Trust
Narrations are presented with their references and editorial grade mentioned, distinguishing between the narration and the simplified retelling.
Knowledge as Emulation
The aim is for the biography to bring the meanings of truthfulness, patience, and mercy closer to the reader's life, rather than remaining distant history.
Knowing the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them, is not merely a collection of names and dates; rather, it is an approach to the generation that received revelation from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and transformed faith into a life visible in truthfulness, sacrifice, steadfastness, and mercy.
The book “Hayat al-Sahaba” presents their stories across its three volumes: from the call to Islam, the pledge of allegiance, migration, support, and jihad, to unity, spending, striving against desires and improving character, then faith, worship, knowledge, remembrance, supplication, sermons, admonitions, and affirmations. From this methodology, this page begins: we get to know men and women through the situations that shaped their biographies.
It is the history of men to whom the call of Islam came, so they believed in it and affirmed it with their hearts. And their only saying when they were called to Allah and His Messenger was: ﴿Our Lord, indeed we have heard a caller calling to faith, [saying], 'Believe in your Lord,' so we have believed.﴾
Selected Stories and Situations
35 stories extracted from the three volumes, retold in an accessible language while keeping the reference and the degree of authenticity available for each story.
Altruism
Situations where a Companion prioritized the needs of others over their own, making altruism a practical choice.
Story 13 — Volume One — Altruism
Half the wealth does not have to be taken
Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf and Sa'd ibn al-Rabi' (may Allah be pleased with them both)
When the Prophet ﷺ established brotherhood between the Muhajirun (emigrants) and the Ansar (helpers), he made Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf and Sa'd ibn al-Rabi' brothers. Sa'd offered his Muhajir brother to share his wealth with him, mentioning that he was among the wealthiest of the Ansar. He also offered to divorce one of his two wives so that Abd al-Rahman could marry her after her waiting period. This offer was a testament to true altruism, not mere courtesy, as he wanted to alleviate his brother's feelings of estrangement and need due to the emigration. However, Abd al-Rahman thanked him and prayed for blessings upon his family and wealth. Then he asked about the market to work and earn a living, and he was directed to the market of Banu Qaynuqa'. The story combines the generosity of the host with the dignity of the guest: the Ansari gave what he loved, and the Muhajir did not make his brother's generosity a substitute for striving.
Why Does It Matter Today? Altruism opens the door to help, and dignity uses it to build independent capability instead of perpetuating need.
Biographies of the Mentioned Companions
- Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf, may Allah be pleased with him
One of the ten promised Paradise and one of the early Muhajirun. He was known for trade and generosity, and was one of the six members of the Shura Council.
- Saad ibn al-Rabi, may Allah be pleased with him
One of the leaders of the Ansar from the Khazraj, the Prophet ﷺ established brotherhood between him and Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf. He was martyred on the Day of Uhud.
Source and Authenticity
Location: Hayat al-Sahabah, Part One, p. 459, Chapter on Brotherhood
Attribution: Sahih al-Bukhari from Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf (may Allah be pleased with him)
Editorial Status: Authentic
Story 17 — Volume Two — Altruism
Feeding a Guest in a Hungry Home
A man from the Ansar and his wife, may Allah be pleased with them
A man came to the Prophet ﷺ complaining of hunger. The Prophet ﷺ found nothing in his homes to feed him, so he said: "Who will host this man tonight, may Allah have mercy on him?" A man from the Ansar stood up and took him to his family. They found food that was only enough for the children, so the couple agreed to put the children to sleep and offer their food to the guest. The wife would extinguish the lamp as if she were fixing it, so the guest would think they were eating with him. They spent the night hungry, leaving him satisfied. When morning came, the Prophet ﷺ informed them that Allah was amazed by their deed, and a verse was revealed concerning such actions: ﴿And they give preference [to others] over themselves, even though they are in need.﴾ The authentic narration does not name the host, so the story should not be attributed to a specific person.
Why Does It Matter Today? Altruism does not require abundance; it appears when we preserve the dignity of the needy, even when we know the meaning of need ourselves.
Biographies of the Mentioned Companions
- The Ansari and his wife, may Allah be pleased with them both
An Ansari Companion and his wife who hosted a guest of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and offered him their children's food, spending the night hungry. The authentic narration does not name them, so it is sufficient to identify them by their stance without definitively attributing a specific name.
Source and Authenticity
Location: Hayat al-Sahaba, Volume Two, pp. 412–413, Chapter on Altruism
Attribution: Sahih al-Bukhari and Muslim from Abu Hurairah, may Allah be pleased with him
Editorial Status: Authentic
Note: The authentic narration did not name the host and his wife; therefore, we avoided attributing it to Abu Talhah or Umm Sulaym, even though names appeared in some versions.
Story 22 — Volume Three — Altruism
We do not rise above the Messenger of Allah ﷺ
Abu Ayyub and Umm Ayyub al-Ansari, may Allah be pleased with them
When the Prophet ﷺ arrived in Medina, he stayed at the home of Abu Ayyub al-Ansari. He initially chose the ground floor to make it easier for visitors. When Abu Ayyub and Umm Ayyub spent the night on the upper floor, they felt uncomfortable being above the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, so they stayed in one corner of the room. Then, a water container fell from them, and they quickly dried it, fearing that anything might reach his location. They offered for him to move to the upper floor, and he later moved when many people started visiting him. The narrations convey the meaning of the etiquette of hospitality, which prioritizes the comfort and rights of the guest over the comfort of the hosts.
Why Does It Matter Today? Honoring a guest is not just a social custom; it is a practical attention to their comfort and rights, even in the most difficult circumstances.
Biographies of the Mentioned Companions
- Abu Ayyub al-Ansari, may Allah be pleased with him
Khalid ibn Zayd al-Ansari. The Prophet ﷺ stayed in his house upon his arrival in Medina. He witnessed the battles and continued to strive until he died during the siege of Constantinople.
- Umm Ayyub al-Ansariyah, may Allah be pleased with her
The wife of Abu Ayyub al-Ansari and one of the female companions. Her home hosted the Prophet ﷺ upon the Hijra. She is mentioned in the accounts of the Prophet's ﷺ first hospitality in Medina.
Source and Authenticity
Location: Hayat al-Sahabah, Part Three, pp. 29–31, Chapter: Love of the Prophet ﷺ
Attribution: Narrated by al-Tabarani, and the origin of his stay in Abu Ayyub's house is established in the Sahih
Editorial Status: Origin established with varying details
Note: The establishment of his ﷺ stay in Abu Ayyub's house is in the Sahih, while the details of staying in the corner of the room and the water container are narrated in biographical and dictionary sources with chains of transmission that require caution.
Story 27 — Volume One — Courage
A Hand Protecting the Messenger of Allah ﷺ
Talhah ibn Ubaydullah (may Allah be pleased with him)
The fighting intensified on the Day of Uhud, and the position of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was exposed. Talhah ibn Ubaydullah (may Allah be pleased with him) remained steadfast near him, protecting him from danger until he was wounded. It is confirmed in Sahih al-Bukhari that his hand was paralyzed or injured while he was protecting the Prophet ﷺ with it, and the Companions praised him for what he did that day. As for the number of his wounds and the sequence of each movement on the battlefield, the reports narrate them with different wordings; what remains constant is that he offered himself and his hand as a shield in a dire hour.
Why Does It Matter Today? Courage is not seeking harm, but rather offering what we can to protect a life entrusted to us when options are limited.
Biographies of the Mentioned Companions
- Talhah ibn Ubayd Allah, may Allah be pleased with him
Among the first to embrace Islam and one of the Ten Promised Paradise. He fought in Uhud and defended the Prophet ﷺ there. He was one of the six members of the Shura Council.
Source and Authenticity
Location: Hayat al-Sahabah, Volume One, Chapter: The Battle of Uhud and Defending the Messenger of Allah ﷺ
Attribution: Sahih al-Bukhari from Qays ibn Abi Hazim regarding Talhah's hand injury on the Day of Uhud
Editorial Status: Authentic
Note: The core event of him protecting the Prophet ﷺ and his hand being injured is confirmed in Bukhari; however, the number of wounds and some details of him carrying the Prophet ﷺ vary in the biographical accounts, so they are not presented as a single, definitive scene.
Story 29 — Volume Two — Humility
Carry my burden for me on the Day of Judgment
Umar ibn al-Khattab رضي الله عنه
Traditions relate that Umar ibn al-Khattab رضي الله عنه went out at night to check on the people. He saw a fire and found a woman and children crying from hunger. She had placed a pot of water on the fire to quiet them until they fell asleep. He rushed to the food store, carried flour and fat on his back, and refused to let his servant carry it for him. Then he cooked for the children until they ate and laughed. He did not see his position as a barrier between him and carrying food and preparing a meal; rather, he saw the family's hunger as a responsibility that called for his presence and action.
Why Does It Matter Today? Humility in responsibility is not an outward appearance; it is to personally carry what removes harm when merely giving an order is not enough.
Biographies of the Mentioned Companions
- Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him
The second of the Rightly Guided Caliphs and one of the great companions of the Prophet ﷺ. He witnessed battles, and the state expanded during his caliphate with a clear emphasis on justice and consultation.
Source and Authenticity
Location: Hayat al-Sahaba, Volume Two, Chapter on Consoling the Poor and Checking on the Flock
Attribution: Akhbar Umar by Ibn Sa'd, Abu Nu'aym, and Al-Bayhaqi in Dala'il al-Nubuwwah with multiple chains of narration and wordings
Editorial Status: Its chain of narration is disputed
Note: The story is famous in historical traditions, but its chains of narration and the details of its wordings are subject to research and it is not a marfu' hadith in the Sahihayn; it was formulated based on the common elements of the report of Umar checking on people and carrying food.
Cooperation
Examples of Companions supporting each other in seeking knowledge, serving the community, and sharing responsibility.
Story 8 — Volume Two — Shared Responsibility
No Decision Without Consultation
Umar ibn Al-Khattab and the Council Members, may Allah be pleased with them
When Umar ibn Al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, was stabbed and knew that his wound might lead to death, he asked the people about the caliphate. However, he did not turn the matter into an inheritance or impose a specific name. He named six of the senior companions, saying that the Prophet ﷺ died while pleased with them, and made the choice among them. He included his son Abdullah in the consultation so they could benefit from his opinion, then explicitly stated that Abdullah had no authority or share in the matter, so that the caliph's kinship would not become a path to power. After his death, Abdur-Rahman ibn Awf took on the task of consultation, asking the people and deliberating extensively until the choice fell upon Uthman, may Allah be pleased with them both. The value of the situation was not only in the names of the six, but in the fact that a man who was capable of influence left the mechanism of transition broader than his personal will, and kept the responsibility of the decision with the people of the council.
Why Does It Matter Today? A responsible leader builds the transition of responsibility so that it does not depend on his person.
Biographies of the Mentioned Companions
- Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him
The second of the Rightly Guided Caliphs and one of the great companions of the Prophet ﷺ. He witnessed battles, and the state expanded during his caliphate with a clear emphasis on justice and consultation.
- The Six Members of the Shura Council, may Allah be pleased with them
They are Uthman, Ali, Talha, Al-Zubayr, Saad ibn Abi Waqqas, and Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf. Umar made the choice of the Caliphate among them. They were among the great Companions whom the Prophet ﷺ was pleased with when he passed away, according to Umar's statement in the narration.
- Abdullah ibn Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both
A great Companion and son of Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him. He was known for his strict adherence to the Sunnah and frequent narration of hadith. He attended the consultation of the Shura Council without having a right to the Caliphate.
Source and Authenticity
Location: حياة الصحابة, Part Two, pp. 38–41, Chapter on Consultation
Attribution: Sahih Al-Bukhari from Amr ibn Maymun regarding the news of Umar's assassination and the council
Editorial Status: Authentic
Story 12 — Volume Three — Seeking Knowledge
A day for him and a day for his neighbor
Umar ibn al-Khattab and a neighbor of his from the Ansar, may Allah be pleased with them
Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, lived in the upper parts of Medina, and he had a neighbor from the Ansar, from Banu Umayya ibn Zayd. They used to take turns going to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. One of them would go down one day to attend the gathering and receive what came of revelation, knowledge, and news of the Prophet ﷺ, then he would return and inform his companion of what he had heard. The other would go down the next day, so that their work and livelihoods would not prevent them from adhering to the source of guidance. Neither of them waited for complete free time that would not come, but rather they arranged time and responsibility between them, so knowledge became a trust that the two neighbors exchanged. In this narration, Umar describes a practical method for learning and keeping up: direct attendance when possible, then accurate transmission to the absent one, with continuous connection to the Prophetic gathering.
Why Does It Matter Today? Seeking knowledge does not always require complete free time; it can be created through a fair partnership in which people share time and knowledge.
Biographies of the Mentioned Companions
- Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him
The second of the Rightly Guided Caliphs and one of the great companions of the Prophet ﷺ. He witnessed battles, and the state expanded during his caliphate with a clear emphasis on justice and consultation.
Source and Authenticity
Location: Hayat al-Sahaba, Volume Three, pp. 502–503, the incident of Umar and his Ansari neighbor taking turns
Attribution: Sahih al-Bukhari from Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him
Editorial Status: Authentic
Story 14 — Volume One — Cooperation
Provisions for the Hijrah and Two Belts
Asma (may Allah be pleased with her) and Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him)
When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) prepared for the Hijrah, Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq's house (may Allah be pleased with him) was part of a meticulous network of operations, not just a place for farewell. Asma bint Abi Bakr prepared their provisions, and when she found nothing to tie the food with, she tore her belt in half: she tied the food with one half and used the other half as her belt, earning her the title 'Dhat al-Nitaqayn' (the one with two belts). Her preparation was not a fleeting symbolic gesture; she fulfilled a practical need at a moment of secrecy and readiness, and the work of the household members contributed to preparing the journey without fanfare or seeking recognition.
Why Does It Matter Today? Great work requires meticulously executed small tasks; what an individual accomplishes in their home can be a crucial part of the group's success.
Biographies of the Mentioned Companions
- Asma bint Abi Bakr, may Allah be pleased with her
Dhat al-Nitaqayn (the one with the two waistbands), one of the early converts to Islam and the daughter of Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him. She played a known role in preparing for the Hijra, and narrated hadiths and stories from the Sirah.
- Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him
Abdullah ibn Abi Quhafah, the first of the Rightly Guided Caliphs and among the earliest people to embrace Islam. The companion of the Prophet ﷺ in the Hijra, and he assumed the caliphate after his death.
Source and Authenticity
Location: حياة الصحابة, Part One, pp. 410–411, Chapter on Hijrah
Attribution: صحيح البخاري عن أسماء رضي الله عنها, with details in books of biography
Editorial Status: Authentic
Note: The origin of preparing provisions and the title 'Dhat al-Nitaqayn' is established in Bukhari; details of some scenes of pursuit and visits are narrated in the biography with varying chains of transmission.
Story 16 — Volume One — Cooperation
The Migrants' Address before the Negus
Ja'far ibn Abi Talib and Umm Salamah, may Allah be pleased with them
When the delegations of Quraish pursued the migrants to Abyssinia to demand their return, the Negus gathered the migrants and asked them about the religion by which they had separated from their people. The migrants chose Ja'far ibn Abi Talib to speak on their behalf. He explained their condition before Islam and what the Prophet ﷺ called them to, such as truthfulness, trustworthiness, and maintaining kinship ties, then he recited the beginning of Surah Maryam. The Negus and those around him were moved, and he refused to hand them over. The next day, the two envoys tried to raise the issue of Jesus, peace be upon him, so Ja'far explained what the Prophet ﷺ brought concerning him, which increased the Negus's resolve to protect them. Umm Salamah, one of the migrant women, narrates this biographical scene as a collective decision in which the people wisely chose their speaker and maintained the integrity of their stance.
Why Does It Matter Today? Cooperation in crises does not mean everyone speaks; rather, it means choosing someone who can express their views truthfully and knowledgeably.
Biographies of the Mentioned Companions
- Jafar ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him
The cousin of the Prophet ﷺ and brother of Ali, and one of the first to migrate to Abyssinia. He was martyred as a leader in Mu'tah, and the Prophet ﷺ nicknamed him Dhu al-Janahayn (the possessor of two wings).
- Umm Salama, may Allah be pleased with her
Hind bint Abi Umayya, one of the Mothers of the Believers and among the first female emigrants. She narrated many hadiths and was known for her sound judgment and jurisprudence.
Source and Authenticity
Location: Hayat As-Sahabah, Volume One, pp. 423–427, Chapter on Migration to Abyssinia
Attribution: Ibn Ishaq from the narration of Umm Salamah, may Allah be pleased with her
Editorial Status: Biographical account
Note: A well-known biographical account narrated through Umm Salamah in Ibn Ishaq; not treated as a Hadith text with an authentic chain of narration.
Story 21 — Volume Three — Cooperation
The Collection of the Qur'an: A Decision, Review, and Trust
Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him, Umar ibn Al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, and Zayd ibn Thabit, may Allah be pleased with him
After a number of reciters were martyred in Al-Yamama, Umar ibn Al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, feared that some of the Qur'an might be lost with the passing of its bearers. He suggested to Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him, that it be collected. Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him, initially hesitated because it was an act that the Prophet ﷺ had not done in this manner. Then, Allah opened his heart after reconsideration. Zayd ibn Thabit, who was one of the scribes of revelation, was summoned. He found the task daunting but then accepted it. He collected the Qur'an from parchments, palm stalks, and the memories of men, with meticulous verification. The account shows that the preservation of the text was not an individual improvisation: Umar proposed, Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him, approved, and Zayd executed it with a precise, precautionary methodology.
Why Does It Matter Today? Shared trust requires initiative, then consultation, then systematic work that goes beyond good intentions.
Biographies of the Mentioned Companions
- Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him
Abdullah ibn Abi Quhafah, the first of the Rightly Guided Caliphs and among the earliest people to embrace Islam. The companion of the Prophet ﷺ in the Hijra, and he assumed the caliphate after his death.
- Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him
The second of the Rightly Guided Caliphs and one of the great companions of the Prophet ﷺ. He witnessed battles, and the state expanded during his caliphate with a clear emphasis on justice and consultation.
- Zayd ibn Thabit, may Allah be pleased with him
The scribe of revelation from the Ansar, he witnessed the Battle of the Trench and subsequent events. Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him, entrusted him with compiling the Qur'an, and he later played a role in Uthman's compilation of the Mushaf.
Source and Authenticity
Location: Hayat Al-Sahaba, Part 3, pp. 81–82, Chapter on the Preservation of the Qur'an
Attribution: Sahih Al-Bukhari from Zayd ibn Thabit, may Allah be pleased with him
Editorial Status: Authentic
Story 24 — Volume Three — Service
Help me against yourself by prostrating frequently
Rabia ibn Ka'b al-Aslami (may Allah be pleased with him)
Rabia ibn Ka'b al-Aslami (may Allah be pleased with him) used to serve the Prophet ﷺ and bring him his ablution water and needs. One day, the Prophet ﷺ said to him: "Ask." Rabia chose a request that went beyond immediate benefit, saying: "I ask for your companionship in Paradise." The Prophet ﷺ asked him if he had any other request, and when Rabia affirmed his request, he said: "Then help me against yourself by prostrating frequently." The narration does not present service as a path to flattery or free privilege, but rather depicts a relationship of upbringing: sincere service, then a high request, then guidance towards worship and action that help the individual achieve their goal.
Why Does It Matter Today? A sincere teacher does not merely give hope; they connect the aspiration with the action that prepares a person for it.
Biographies of the Mentioned Companions
- Rabi'a ibn Ka'b al-Aslami, may Allah be pleased with him
A companion from the People of the Suffah, he served the Prophet ﷺ and stayed close to him. He narrated the hadith of his request to accompany the Prophet ﷺ in Paradise.
Source and Authenticity
Location: حياة الصحابة, Volume 3, pp. 398–399, Chapter: Serving the Prophet ﷺ
Attribution: Sahih Muslim from Rabia ibn Ka'b al-Aslami (may Allah be pleased with him)
Editorial Status: Authentic
Story 25 — Volume One — Courage
Would you kill a man for saying, 'My Lord is Allah'?
Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him
While the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was praying at the Kaaba, Uqbah ibn Abi Mu'ayt approached and put his garment around the Prophet's ﷺ neck, strangling him severely. Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him, rushed forward and pushed him away from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, saying: "Would you kill a man for saying, 'My Lord is Allah,' when he has brought you clear proofs from your Lord?" Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him, did not wait for the danger to pass or for more supporters to arrive; he saw the aggression happening and stepped forward with his body and his words to protect the Prophet ﷺ, in a situation preserved by authentic narrations as a testament to his early courage.
Why Does It Matter Today? Moral courage means stepping forward to repel aggression when intervention is costly, not merely condemning it after the danger has passed.
Biographies of the Mentioned Companions
- Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him
Abdullah ibn Abi Quhafah, the first of the Rightly Guided Caliphs and among the earliest people to embrace Islam. The companion of the Prophet ﷺ in the Hijra, and he assumed the caliphate after his death.
Source and Authenticity
Location: Hayat Al-Sahabah, Part One, Chapter on Enduring Hardships and Defending the Messenger of Allah ﷺ
Attribution: Sahih Al-Bukhari from Urwah ibn Al-Zubayr in a question to Abdullah ibn Amr, may Allah be pleased with them both
Editorial Status: Authentic
Story 26 — Volume One — Courage
The Night of Hijrah and Returning the Trusts
Ali ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him
Biographical books narrate that when Quraysh surrounded the Prophet's ﷺ house on the night of the Hijrah, Ali ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him, slept in his bed and covered himself with his cloak, while the Messenger of Allah ﷺ departed towards Medina. Ali then remained in Mecca for days, returning on behalf of the Prophet ﷺ the trusts that were with him to their owners, even though some of their owners were among those who had opposed and harmed him. The narration combines the daring of a young man who exposed himself to danger with a trustworthiness that does not falter due to animosity with the rightful owners.
Why Does It Matter Today? Trustworthiness is indivisible based on people's attitudes towards us; and loyalty is demonstrated when we preserve the rights of those who oppose us, even when we are able to neglect them.
Biographies of the Mentioned Companions
- Ali ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him
The cousin of the Prophet ﷺ and husband of Fatimah, may Allah be pleased with her. He was among the first to embrace Islam and the fourth of the Rightly Guided Caliphs. He participated in all battles except Tabuk, when the Prophet ﷺ appointed him over Medina.
Source and Authenticity
Location: Hayat Al-Sahabah, Part One, Chapter on the Hijrah
Attribution: Sirat Ibn Ishaq and biographical narrations regarding the story of the night of the Hijrah
Editorial Status: Biographical report
Note: The core event of Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, sleeping in the Prophet's bed and returning the trusts is well-known in biographical books, but the details of the scene and their chains of narration are not at the level of the hadiths in the Sahihayn; therefore, it is presented as a biographical report.
Story 28 — Volume One — Courage
Who will go to Banu Qurayza?
Al-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam (may Allah be pleased with him)
On the Day of the Confederates, the Prophet ﷺ needed someone to bring him news of Banu Qurayza. He called upon his Companions, saying: "Who will go to Banu Qurayza?" Al-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam (may Allah be pleased with him) volunteered for the task. The Prophet ﷺ repeated the call a second and then a third time, and each time it was Al-Zubayr who said: "I will." Then the Prophet ﷺ said: "Indeed, every prophet has a disciple, and Al-Zubayr is my disciple." The repeated response reveals consistent initiative, not fleeting enthusiasm at the first call.
Why Does It Matter Today? Reliability is not shown by accepting a task only once, but by renewed readiness when the need persists.
Biographies of the Mentioned Companions
- Al-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam, may Allah be pleased with him
One of the ten promised Paradise and among the first Muslims, and he was the cousin of the Prophet ﷺ. He witnessed the battles and was one of the six members of the Shura Council.
Source and Authenticity
Location: Hayat al-Sahabah, Volume One, Chapter: Jihad and Reconnaissance
Attribution: Sahih al-Bukhari and Muslim from Jabir ibn Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both)
Editorial Status: Authentic
Story 32 — Volume Two — Humility
I will surely send with you a truly trustworthy one
Abu Ubaydah Amir ibn al-Jarrah, may Allah be pleased with him
The people of Najran asked the Prophet ﷺ to send with them a trustworthy man to teach them and arbitrate their disputes. He promised them that he would send a truly trustworthy man, and the Companions looked forward to this testimony, not out of a desire for leadership but hoping that one of them would be its recipient. The Prophet ﷺ chose Abu Ubaydah ibn al-Jarrah, may Allah be pleased with him, and said: "This is the trustee of this Ummah." Abu Ubaydah received the assignment and proceeded to fulfill it without turning the praise into boasting or personal privilege.
Why Does It Matter Today? Humility protects the trustworthy person from being deceived by it; he sees praise as a responsibility requiring action, not a status that exempts him from accountability.
Biographies of the Mentioned Companions
- Abu Ubaydah Amir ibn al-Jarrah, may Allah be pleased with him
Among the first to embrace Islam and one of the Ten Promised Paradise. The Prophet ﷺ called him the 'Trustee of this Ummah.' He led armies in Syria and died during the Plague of Amwas.
Source and Authenticity
Location: Hayat al-Sahabah, Volume Two, Chapter on Sending Da'is and Trustees
Attribution: Sahih al-Bukhari and Muslim from Anas ibn Malik and Hudhayfah, may Allah be pleased with them
Editorial Status: Authentic
Story 35 — Volume Three — Wisdom
A Sword of Allah at Mu'tah
Khalid ibn al-Walid, may Allah be pleased with him
The Prophet ﷺ informed his companions in Medina about what happened at Mu'tah: Zayd ibn Harithah took the banner and was martyred, then Ja'far ibn Abi Talib and he was martyred, then Abdullah ibn Rawahah and he was martyred, and the eyes of the Prophet ﷺ were shedding tears. Then Khalid ibn al-Walid, may Allah be pleased with him, took the banner without prior command, and the Prophet ﷺ described him as a sword from the swords of Allah, and Allah granted victory or salvation through him. As for the common detailed account of changing army positions and the withdrawal plan, it is mentioned in books of biography, but not all of it is confirmed with the exact wording of authentic hadith.
Why Does It Matter Today? In a moment of collapse of the usual hierarchy, the community needs someone who can bear the decision and protect the people with his experience and composure.
Biographies of the Mentioned Companions
- Khalid ibn al-Walid, may Allah be pleased with him
A Companion and commander who embraced Islam before the Conquest of Mecca. The Prophet ﷺ nicknamed him 'A Sword from the Swords of Allah' after Mu'tah. He participated in the Wars of Apostasy and the conquests of Iraq and Syria.
- Zayd ibn Harithah, may Allah be pleased with him
The beloved of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and his freed slave, and among the first to embrace Islam. The Prophet ﷺ appointed him commander of the army at Mu'tah, where he carried the banner until he was martyred.
- Jafar ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him
The cousin of the Prophet ﷺ and brother of Ali, and one of the first to migrate to Abyssinia. He was martyred as a leader in Mu'tah, and the Prophet ﷺ nicknamed him Dhu al-Janahayn (the possessor of two wings).
- Abdullah ibn Rawahah (may Allah be pleased with him)
An Ansari Companion, one of the Prophet's ﷺ poets, and one of the leaders of Aqabah. He took command of the Muslim banner at Mu'tah after the martyrdom of Zayd and Ja'far, then he himself was martyred (may Allah be pleased with him).
Source and Authenticity
Location: Hayat al-Sahabah, Volume Three, Chapter on the Battle of Mu'tah and the Command
Attribution: Sahih al-Bukhari from Anas ibn Malik, may Allah be pleased with him, regarding the news of Mu'tah
Editorial Status: Authentic
Note: It is confirmed in Bukhari that Khalid took the banner after the leaders were martyred and that he was named a sword from the swords of Allah; as for the detailed maneuvers and the number of changes in ranks, these are from varying biographical accounts.
Giving
Stories of generosity where one gives from what they love most, reaching people with wisdom and mercy.
Story 6 — Volume Two — Giving
His Most Beloved Possession
Abu Talha Al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him)
Abu Talha (may Allah be pleased with him) had a garden in Medina called Bir Ha', and it was among his most beloved possessions, close to the mosque, from whose good water he would drink, and which the Messenger of Allah ﷺ would enter. When the words of Allah Almighty were revealed: ﴿You will not attain righteousness until you spend from that which you love﴾, Abu Talha did not look for surplus wealth that he was not attached to. Instead, he went to the Prophet ﷺ and said that Bir Ha' was his most beloved possession, and that he was making it a charity, hoping for its blessing and its reward with Allah. The Prophet ﷺ was pleased with this generosity and advised him to give it to his relatives. Abu Talha responded, and so the wealth transformed from being a private beloved possession into a benefit that strengthened kinship ties and served the community. The story narrates that charity is not merely getting rid of what is left over, but rather choosing what is valuable to oneself, and then wisely giving it to those who are most deserving.
Why Does It Matter Today? The value of giving is not measured by its size alone, but by the status of what we give up and the wisdom of its reaching people.
Biographies of the Mentioned Companions
- Abu Talha al-Ansari, may Allah be pleased with him
Zayd ibn Sahl al-Ansari from Banu Najjar, from the people of Badr and Uhud. He was known for his generosity and jihad, and Anas ibn Malik narrated from him.
Source and Authenticity
Location: حياة الصحابة, Part Two, pp. 407–408, Chapter on Spending
Attribution: Sahih Al-Bukhari and Muslim from Anas (may Allah be pleased with him)
Editorial Status: Authentic
Story 15 — Volume One — Giving
The transaction was profitable, Abu Yahya
Suhayb Ar-Rumi, may Allah be pleased with him
Suhayb Ar-Rumi, may Allah be pleased with him, wanted to migrate to Medina, but Quraish intercepted him, saying that he came to Mecca poor and then his wealth increased there, and that they would not let him leave with himself and his wealth. He offered to show them where his wealth was so they would let him pass, and they accepted. He showed them and then left as a migrant to the Prophet ﷺ. Biographies narrate that the Prophet ﷺ greeted him by saying: “The transaction was profitable, Abu Yahya,” and a verse was revealed regarding the meaning of sacrificing oneself and one's wealth seeking Allah's pleasure. The intention of the story is not to glorify poverty, but to show that Suhayb prioritized the freedom of migration and faith over wealth that could be replaced.
Why Does It Matter Today? Giving is not always what we give from our surplus; it can be a conscious choice of what we will not allow money to prevent us from doing.
Biographies of the Mentioned Companions
- Suhayb al-Rumi, may Allah be pleased with him
One of the early converts to Islam and one of the Muhajirun to Medina. He was known for steadfastness and generosity, and Umar appointed him to lead the prayer for the people after he was wounded.
Source and Authenticity
Location: Hayat As-Sahabah, Volume One, p. 436, Chapter on Hijra
Attribution: Al-Bayhaqi and books of Seerah regarding Suhayb's migration
Editorial Status: Biographical account
Note: The narrations of the story's wording and the reason for revelation vary; however, the meaning of Suhayb leaving his wealth for the sake of migration is well-known in Seerah and encouragement sources.
Story 18 — Volume Two — Generosity
A Date Palm in Paradise and an Orchard in This World
Abu al-Dahdah and Umm al-Dahdah, may Allah be pleased with them
Narrations of encouragement mention that a man had a date palm that was bothering his neighbor. The Prophet ﷺ offered him a date palm in Paradise in exchange for giving it up, but he refused. When Abu al-Dahdah heard the news, he bought the date palm from its owner with his orchard, then gave it to the needy person. He returned home calling his wife to leave the orchard because he had lent it to Allah. Some narrations depict Umm al-Dahdah's joyful and approving response. The purpose of the story is to highlight Abu al-Dahdah's quick response and that a household whose members share the meaning of giving can transform beloved possessions into benefit and mercy.
Why Does It Matter Today? When household members agree on the purpose, giving is not an individual loss but a decision that builds a shared meaning.
Biographies of the Mentioned Companions
- Abu al-Dahdah al-Ansari, may Allah be pleased with him
An Ansari companion known for his generosity and spending in the way of Allah. The story of his garden is mentioned in narrations of encouragement with varying wordings and details.
- Umm al-Dahdah, may Allah be pleased with her
An Ansari female companion, mentioned in some narrations of the story of Abu al-Dahdah's garden and her agreement to his generosity. Her naming is not confirmed in all chains of narration.
Source and Authenticity
Location: Hayat al-Sahaba, Volume Two, pp. 413–414, Chapter on Spending
Attribution: Musnad Ahmad and Al-Mustadrak by Al-Hakim in the story of Abu al-Dahdah
Editorial Status: Established origin with varying details
Note: The story was narrated with different wordings and details, and there are variations in the naming of the wife and her statements; therefore, it is formulated here according to the well-known meaning.
Story 19 — Volume Two — Charity
Equipping the Army of Hardship
Uthman ibn Affan (may Allah be pleased with him)
During the Battle of Tabuk, when people were in hardship regarding money and provisions, the Prophet ﷺ called for equipping the army. Uthman ibn Affan (may Allah be pleased with him) came forward with a great donation to equip the Army of Hardship. Narrations vary in the numbers of camels and dinars, but they agree on the greatness of his expenditure and the praise of the Prophet ﷺ for him. This charity was not money separate from the reality of the people; rather, it was a fulfillment of the need of an army preparing for a long journey in scarce circumstances. Therefore, the story remained an example that a wealthy person can transform their capability into a public responsibility when needed.
Why Does It Matter Today? Wealth acquires its moral meaning when, in times of hardship, it transforms into a practical ability that alleviates the burden on the community.
Biographies of the Mentioned Companions
- Uthman ibn Affan, may Allah be pleased with him
The third of the Rightly Guided Caliphs and one of the early converts to Islam, he was nicknamed Dhun-Nurayn (the possessor of two lights) for marrying two of the Prophet's daughters ﷺ. He equipped the Army of Hardship and united the people on one Mushaf during his caliphate.
Source and Authenticity
Location: حياة الصحابة، الجزء الثاني، ص ٤١٨، باب الإنفاق
Attribution: الترمذي وأحمد والحاكم في مناقب عثمان وتجهيز جيش العسرة
Editorial Status: Good
Note: Narrations differ regarding the amount Uthman equipped and the words of praise; what is generally established is his great expenditure in equipping the Army of Hardship.
Story 20 — Volume Two — Charity
Between Half of the Wealth and All of It
Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) and Umar ibn Al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him)
Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that one day he was commanded to give charity, and he had some wealth at that time. He said to himself that he would surpass Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) if he ever did. He came with half of his wealth, and the Prophet ﷺ asked him: What have you left for your family? He replied: The same amount. Then Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) came with all that he had. When asked what he had left for his family, he said: I have left for them Allah and His Messenger. Umar said that he then knew he would never surpass Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) in anything. The narration presents a competition in goodness without animosity, but it does not make it a general mathematical rule; for every person, there is an expenditure for those dependent on them and a responsibility that must not be neglected.
Why Does It Matter Today? Commendable competition drives towards goodness, but it still needs the jurisprudence of responsibility, not a mere comparison.
Biographies of the Mentioned Companions
- Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him
Abdullah ibn Abi Quhafah, the first of the Rightly Guided Caliphs and among the earliest people to embrace Islam. The companion of the Prophet ﷺ in the Hijra, and he assumed the caliphate after his death.
- Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him
The second of the Rightly Guided Caliphs and one of the great companions of the Prophet ﷺ. He witnessed battles, and the state expanded during his caliphate with a clear emphasis on justice and consultation.
Source and Authenticity
Location: حياة الصحابة، الجزء الثاني، ص ٣٩٨، باب الإنفاق
Attribution: سنن أبي داود وجامع الترمذي عن عمر رضي الله عنه
Editorial Status: Good
Note: Al-Tirmidhi graded the report as good, and some scholars spoke about some of its chains of narration; it is narrated among the virtues of Al-Siddiq, without making it a general ruling for giving out all wealth.
Story 31 — Volume Two — Generosity
A Caravan Transformed into Charity
Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf, may Allah be pleased with him
Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf, may Allah be pleased with him, was one of the most successful merchants in Medina. Historical accounts mention that a large caravan belonging to him arrived laden with food and goods. He dedicated it to the cause of Allah when he saw the people's need. Biographical sources narrate other instances of his abundant charity and assistance to the Muhajirun, the people of Badr, and the Mothers of the Believers. The narrations vary regarding the number of camels and dinars, so no single figure can be definitively stated. However, the convergence of accounts indicates that he did not make commercial success an exclusive goal, but rather transformed a large part of it into benefit that extended to others.
Why Does It Matter Today? Sustainable generosity does not await a worthless surplus; rather, it makes success itself a deliberate resource for serving people.
Biographies of the Mentioned Companions
- Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf, may Allah be pleased with him
One of the ten promised Paradise and one of the early Muhajirun. He was known for trade and generosity, and was one of the six members of the Shura Council.
Source and Authenticity
Location: Hayat al-Sahabah, Volume Two, Chapter on Spending in the Way of Allah and the Charities of Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf
Attribution: Musnad Ahmad, al-Tabaqat al-Kubra by Ibn Sa'd, and biographical books on the spending of Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf, may Allah be pleased with him
Editorial Status: Authentic origin with varying details
Note: The extensive spending of Abd al-Rahman, may Allah be pleased with him, is well-known in biographical sources, but the numbers of the caravan, the amounts of charity, and the wording of some accounts vary; therefore, the narrative is not based on a specific figure.
Other Values
Situations encompassing the values of steadfastness, leadership, patience, worship, and character in the lives of the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them.
Story 1 — Volume One — Dialogue
Sit and Listen First
Mus'ab ibn Umayr, Usayd ibn Hudayr, Sa'd ibn Mu'adh
Mus'ab ibn Umayr, may Allah be pleased with him, had settled in Medina with As'ad ibn Zurarah, inviting people to Islam and teaching the Qur'an to those who embraced it. This reached Usayd ibn Hudayr, who was then one of the leaders of his people. He came angrily, carrying his spear, to stop this gathering. Mus'ab did not provoke him or return his threats; instead, he calmly said to him: "Sit and listen. If you like something, accept it; if you dislike it, we will stop." Usayd put down his spear and sat. Mus'ab recited the Qur'an to him and explained Islam. His face changed, and he asked about the way to enter the religion. Then he went to his people and directed Sa'd ibn Mu'adh to the gathering. Sa'd also came, and the meeting concluded with their acceptance of Islam, opening a wide door for the call to Islam among the Banu Abd al-Ashhal.
Why Does It Matter Today? Persuasion does not begin by silencing the opponent, but by granting them enough security to listen and be heard.
Biographies of the Mentioned Companions
- Mus'ab ibn Umayr, may Allah be pleased with him
Among the first to embrace Islam, the Prophet ﷺ sent him to Medina before the Hijra as a teacher and caller to Islam. The conversion of a number of Ansar leaders at his hands had a prominent effect on preparing Medina.
- As'ad ibn Zurara, may Allah be pleased with him
Among the first of the Ansar to embrace Islam and one of the leaders of the Pledge of Aqaba. Mus'ab ibn Umayr stayed in his house in Medina before the Hijra, and he died in the first year of the Hijra before Badr.
- Usayd ibn Hudayr, may Allah be pleased with him
One of the leaders of the Aws and from Banu Abd al-Ashhal, he embraced Islam at the hands of Mus'ab ibn Umayr. He witnessed battles with the Prophet ﷺ and was known for his virtue and beautiful recitation.
- Sa'd ibn Mu'adh, may Allah be pleased with him
The leader of the Aws and the chief of Banu Abd al-Ashhal, he embraced Islam, and his people followed him in an early stage. He witnessed Badr, Uhud, and the Trench, and died from his wounds after the Trench.
Source and Authenticity
Location: Hayat al-Sahaba, Volume One, pp. 219–220, Chapter on Da'wah
Attribution: Sirat Ibn Ishaq via Abdullah ibn Abi Bakr and others
Editorial Status: Biographical account
Note: A well-known biographical account; presented as a historical narrative, not an authentic, elevated Hadith.
Story 2 — Volume One — Steadfastness
A Journey After a Year of Separation
Umm Salama, may Allah be pleased with her
When Abu Salama, may Allah be pleased with him, resolved to emigrate to Medina, Umm Salama went with him. However, her family prevented her from leaving and returned her to Mecca. Then Abu Salama's family came and took her child from her, so she endured the separation from her husband, child, and homeland. Every morning she would go to al-Abtah, sit and cry until evening, having nothing to do but raise her complaint to Allah. After about a year, a man from her tribe took pity on her and convinced his people to let her go. Then Abu Salama's family relented and returned her child to her. After that, she set out alone with her child, and Uthman ibn Talhah met her and safely escorted her until she rejoined her husband in Medina. Thus, her steadfastness was not a fleeting word, but a long patience followed by action until the emigration was complete.
Why Does It Matter Today? In loss and forced delay, one maintains their direction through patience, action, and accepting safe help.
Biographies of the Mentioned Companions
- Umm Salama, may Allah be pleased with her
Hind bint Abi Umayya, one of the Mothers of the Believers and among the first female emigrants. She narrated many hadiths and was known for her sound judgment and jurisprudence.
- Abu Salama ibn Abd al-Asad, may Allah be pleased with him
Among the first to embrace Islam and Umm Salama's husband before the Prophet ﷺ. He emigrated to Abyssinia then to Medina, and died from wounds he sustained at Uhud.
- Uthman ibn Talha, may Allah be pleased with him
He was from Banu Abd al-Dar, and embraced Islam before the conquest of Mecca and emigrated to Medina. The Prophet ﷺ kept the guardianship of the Kaaba for him on the day of the conquest, within Banu Shayba.
Source and Authenticity
Location: Hayat al-Sahaba, Volume One, pp. 434–435, Chapter on Hijra
Attribution: Ibn Ishaq from Umm Salama, may Allah be pleased with her
Editorial Status: Biographical account
Story 3 — Volume One — Freedom of Conscience
One, One
Bilal ibn Rabah (may Allah be pleased with him) and Abu Bakr As-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him)
Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) was oppressed in Mecca, tortured by Umayyah ibn Khalaf in the intense heat. He would throw him on the scorching sand and place a huge rock on his chest, demanding that he renounce Islam. He had no strength to resist the torture, but he possessed a word they could not extract: "One, One." Abu Bakr As-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) passed by and saw a man being tortured for his faith, so he negotiated with Umayyah to buy him. Abu Bakr As-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) did not stop at denouncing the act; rather, he paid the money, freed Bilal, and then emancipated him for the sake of Allah. Bilal later became the muezzin of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and the word he uttered under the rock remained a testament that physical weakness does not mean the fall of conscience.
Why Does It Matter Today? Freedom of belief is preserved by steadfastness in the face of coercion and by the support of the capable for the oppressed.
Biographies of the Mentioned Companions
- Bilal ibn Rabah, may Allah be pleased with him
Among the first to embrace Islam, he was tortured in Mecca then freed by Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him. The Prophet ﷺ chose him as a muezzin, and he witnessed battles with him.
- Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him
Abdullah ibn Abi Quhafah, the first of the Rightly Guided Caliphs and among the earliest people to embrace Islam. The companion of the Prophet ﷺ in the Hijra, and he assumed the caliphate after his death.
Source and Authenticity
Location: حياة الصحابة, الجزء الأول, ص ٣٤٧–٣٤٨, باب تحمل الشدائد
Attribution: روايات ابن إسحاق وأبي نعيم في الحلية
Editorial Status: Biography account
Note: Some details of the story vary in their narrations; however, the core of Bilal's torture, his steadfastness, and his emancipation by Abu Bakr As-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) is well-known and established.
Story 4 — Volume One — Public Service
The Man Who Should Not Be Expelled
Abu Bakr As-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) and Ibn Ad-Dughunnah
When the persecution from Quraysh intensified, Abu Bakr As-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) set out intending to go to the land of Abyssinia. He reached Birk Al-Ghimad, where Ibn Ad-Dughunnah met him and asked him about his destination. When he learned that Abu Bakr had been expelled from his land, he told him that a man like him should neither leave nor be expelled; for he earns for the destitute, maintains kinship ties, bears the burdens of others, hosts guests, and helps in times of rightful calamities. He brought him back to Mecca under his protection and testified to these qualities before Quraysh, who accepted that Abu Bakr As-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) live under his protection. However, they stipulated that he should not raise his voice in recitation and prayer for fear that people would be influenced. Then they became annoyed even by his proximity, so Abu Bakr As-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) chose to return Ibn Ad-Dughunnah's protection and continue worshipping his Lord under the sole protection of Allah. The story reveals how one's public life can be a testimony for a person, and how principles remain more precious than conditional security.
Why Does It Matter Today? The strongest defense for a person might be the impact they have left on the lives of their neighbors before they even need their defense.
Biographies of the Mentioned Companions
- Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him
Abdullah ibn Abi Quhafah, the first of the Rightly Guided Caliphs and among the earliest people to embrace Islam. The companion of the Prophet ﷺ in the Hijra, and he assumed the caliphate after his death.
Source and Authenticity
Location: حياة الصحابة, الجزء الأول, ص ٣٣٩–٣٤٠, باب تحمل الشدائد
Attribution: صحيح البخاري عن عائشة رضي الله عنها
Editorial Status: Authentic
Story 5 — Volume Two — Leadership in Times of Crisis
When Grief Brought People Back to the Truth
Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) and Umar ibn Al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him)
When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed away, the news hit the Companions very hard, so much so that Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) could not believe that the Prophet had died, and he stood addressing the people with the emotion of loss. Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) entered upon the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, kissed him between his eyes, and said: 'You were good in life and in death.' Then he went out to the people and did not invalidate their grief, but he brought them back to the essence of their creed. He recited the words of Allah Almighty: ﴿And Muhammad is not but a messenger; [other] messengers have passed on before him﴾, then he said: 'Whoever used to worship Muhammad, then Muhammad has died; but whoever used to worship Allah, then Allah is alive and does not die.' The intensity of the shock subsided in the face of the clarity of the verse, and Umar said that his feet could not carry him when he heard it. Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq's (may Allah be pleased with him) speech was not a denial of love, but a protection of Tawhid (monotheism) and the community's ability to fulfill its duty after the greatest loss.
Why Does It Matter Today? Leadership in moments of loss does not deny grief; rather, it prevents grief from hindering truth and duty.
Biographies of the Mentioned Companions
- Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him
Abdullah ibn Abi Quhafah, the first of the Rightly Guided Caliphs and among the earliest people to embrace Islam. The companion of the Prophet ﷺ in the Hijra, and he assumed the caliphate after his death.
- Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him
The second of the Rightly Guided Caliphs and one of the great companions of the Prophet ﷺ. He witnessed battles, and the state expanded during his caliphate with a clear emphasis on justice and consultation.
Source and Authenticity
Location: حياة الصحابة, Part Two, pp. 44–45, Chapter on Uniting the Word
Attribution: Sahih Al-Bukhari, with authentic corroborating narrations from Aisha and Ibn Abbas
Editorial Status: Authentic
Story 7 — Volume Two — Work and Dignity
Dates on Her Head
Asma bint Abi Bakr, may Allah be pleased with her
Asma bint Abi Bakr, may Allah be pleased with her, narrates some of the beginnings of her household with Az-Zubayr, may Allah be pleased with him. At that time, he had no wealth or slave except his horse. She would feed the horse and water it, mend its bucket, knead dough, and pound date pits for their watering camel. Then she would carry the date pits from Az-Zubayr's distant land on her head. One day, as she was returning, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ met her with a group of his companions. He gestured for her to ride behind him, but she felt shy about riding with men and remembered Az-Zubayr's jealousy, so she continued carrying her load. Asma did not narrate the story to create an idealized image free from hardship, but rather described the work as it was: daily effort in a household with limited resources, with modesty, dignity, and the ability to bear responsibility. Therefore, the narration gives us a facet of family history that does not appear solely in news of battles and decisions.
Why Does It Matter Today? History is not made by those on pulpits alone; it is also made by the silent daily efforts that build homes.
Biographies of the Mentioned Companions
- Asma bint Abi Bakr, may Allah be pleased with her
Dhat al-Nitaqayn (the one with the two waistbands), one of the early converts to Islam and the daughter of Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him. She played a known role in preparing for the Hijra, and narrated hadiths and stories from the Sirah.
- Al-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam, may Allah be pleased with him
One of the ten promised Paradise and among the first Muslims, and he was the cousin of the Prophet ﷺ. He witnessed the battles and was one of the six members of the Shura Council.
Source and Authenticity
Location: حياة الصحابة, Part Two, pp. 517–518, Chapter on Ethics and Social Interaction
Attribution: Sahih Al-Bukhari and Muslim from Asma, may Allah be pleased with her
Editorial Status: Authentic
Story 9 — Volume Three — Humility in Reconsideration
Not every delay is defeat
Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) and Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him)
At Hudaybiyah, Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) saw the terms of the truce as burdensome for the Muslims. His zeal for the religion overcame him, and he clearly asked the Prophet ﷺ: Are we not on the truth? Are they not on falsehood? So why should we accept humiliation in our religion? His question was not an objection to revelation, but he wanted to understand how the promise of victory could align with this apparent concession. He then went to Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) and asked him the same questions. Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) told him: Stick to his stirrup, for he is upon the truth. Umar later reviewed his own actions, to the extent that he would say he performed many good deeds out of fear of the impact of his words. Then Allah revealed that the truce was a victory, and the Muslims entered Makkah safely afterward. The story preserves the believer's right to ask questions, and at the same time teaches them the etiquette of returning to the truth when wisdom becomes clear.
Why Does It Matter Today? Courage is not about not asking; rather, it is about asking respectfully, then reviewing our judgment when a broader picture becomes clear to us.
Biographies of the Mentioned Companions
- Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him
The second of the Rightly Guided Caliphs and one of the great companions of the Prophet ﷺ. He witnessed battles, and the state expanded during his caliphate with a clear emphasis on justice and consultation.
- Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him
Abdullah ibn Abi Quhafah, the first of the Rightly Guided Caliphs and among the earliest people to embrace Islam. The companion of the Prophet ﷺ in the Hijra, and he assumed the caliphate after his death.
Source and Authenticity
Location: Hayat al-Sahabah, Part Three, pp. 19–20, Chapter on Belief in the Unseen
Attribution: Sahih al-Bukhari in the story of the Treaty of Hudaybiyah
Editorial Status: Authentic
Story 10 — Volume Three — Active Patience
Beyond the Harsh Moment
Khabbab ibn al-Aratt (may Allah be pleased with him)
Khabbab ibn al-Aratt (may Allah be pleased with him) was among the first to taste torment in Makkah. When the tribulation intensified, he came to the Prophet ﷺ, who was reclining on his cloak in the shade of the Kaaba, asking for supplication and victory, and asking: Will you not seek help for us? Will you not pray to Allah for us? The Prophet ﷺ did not rebuke him for his pain, but reminded him that believers before them were combed with iron combs down to their bones, and were split in half, yet that did not turn them away from their religion. Then he informed him that Allah would complete this matter until a rider could travel from Sana'a to Hadramawt fearing none but Allah and the wolf for his sheep, and said that they were being impatient. The answer contained a promise and a horizon, neither denying the torment nor justifying the injustice; for waiting here is patience on the path while maintaining certainty and action, not surrender to present circumstances.
Why Does It Matter Today? Hope does not deny immediate pain, but it prevents fear from dictating the future.
Biographies of the Mentioned Companions
- Khabbab ibn al-Aratt, may Allah be pleased with him
Among the first to embrace Islam and among the oppressed who were persecuted in Mecca. He witnessed Badr and subsequent events and narrated hadiths.
Source and Authenticity
Location: Hayat al-Sahabah, Part Three, pp. 11–12, Chapter on the Greatness of Faith
Attribution: Sahih al-Bukhari from Khabbab (may Allah be pleased with him)
Editorial Status: Authentic
Story 11 — Volume Three — Worship
Give every rightful owner their due
Salman al-Farsi and Abu al-Darda, may Allah be pleased with them
The Prophet ﷺ established a bond of brotherhood between Salman al-Farsi and Abu al-Darda, may Allah be pleased with them. One day, Salman visited Abu al-Darda and found Umm al-Darda in neglected clothing. He asked her about her condition, and she replied that Abu al-Darda had no need for this world. Abu al-Darda prepared food for his guest and said he was fasting, but Salman refused to eat until he ate with him, so he broke his fast. Then, when night came, Abu al-Darda stood up to pray, but Salman told him: "Sleep," so he slept. He tried to get up again, but Salman ordered him to sleep, until it was the last part of the night, when he told him: "Get up now," and they prayed. Then Salman said to him: "Indeed, your Lord has a right over you, and your soul has a right over you, and your family has a right over you; so give every rightful owner their due." When this was mentioned to the Prophet ﷺ, he said: "Salman has spoken the truth." The story does not diminish night prayer, but rather places worship in a balance that prevents diligence from turning into a neglect of the rights of the body and family.
Why Does It Matter Today? Worship is not built upon neglecting the body or family; its perfection lies in a balance that combines the right of Allah and the rights of people.
Biographies of the Mentioned Companions
- Salman al-Farisi, may Allah be pleased with him
A companion who came from Persia seeking the truth until he met the Prophet ﷺ. He suggested digging the trench and was known for his knowledge and asceticism.
- Abu al-Darda, may Allah be pleased with him
Uwaymir al-Ansari, one of the companions of the Prophet ﷺ and among the people of knowledge and worship. He resided in Sham during the caliphates of Umar and Uthman and taught its people.
- Umm al-Darda Khayrah bint Abi Hadrad, may Allah be pleased with her
A female Companion and wife of Abu al-Darda. She lived during the time of the Prophet ﷺ and narrated from him. She is Umm al-Darda the Elder, not Umm al-Darda the Younger, the famous female Tabi'i scholar.
Source and Authenticity
Location: Hayat al-Sahaba, Volume Three, pp. 516–517, the incident between Salman and Abu al-Darda
Attribution: Sahih al-Bukhari from Abu Juhaifa, may Allah be pleased with him
Editorial Status: Authentic
Story 23 — Volume Three — Purity of the Heart
The Hidden Deed: A Heart Without Deceit
Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-Aas (may Allah be pleased with them both) and a man from the Ansar
It is mentioned that the Prophet ﷺ informed his companions on three consecutive days that a man from the Ansar would appear before them, and he was among the people of Paradise. Abdullah ibn Amr wanted to know what his deed was, so he asked permission to stay with him for three nights. He did not observe him performing an abundance of worship beyond the usual, except that he would not sleep until he remembered Allah. When Abdullah informed him of the reason for his stay, the man said that he found no deceit in his heart towards any Muslim, nor did he envy anyone for what Allah had given them. Abdullah said: "This is what has brought you to this rank." The report draws attention to a hidden inner deed that people do not usually see, while its hadith grade remains a point of caution.
Why Does It Matter Today? The virtues that people do not see, such as abandoning envy and deceit, may be weightier in building a person than the deeds for which others applaud.
Biographies of the Mentioned Companions
- Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-Aas, may Allah be pleased with them both
A companion who narrated many hadiths, known for his worship and writing down hadiths with the permission of the Prophet ﷺ. He was among the jurists and scholars of the companions.
Source and Authenticity
Location: حياة الصحابة, Volume 3, pp. 159–160, Chapter: Purity of the Heart
Attribution: Musnad Ahmad and Sunan al-Kubra by An-Nasa'i from Anas (may Allah be pleased with him)
Editorial Status: Its chain of narration is disputed
Note: Some scholars have authenticated or deemed good some of its chains, and there is discussion regarding its chains of narration; therefore, it is mentioned among the virtues of deeds with reservation, and the Ansari man is not named in the narration.
Story 30 — Volume Two — Humility
Should I not be shy of a man whom the angels are shy of?
Uthman ibn Affan رضي الله عنه
The Prophet ﷺ was lying in his house, and part of his shins or thighs was uncovered. Abu Bakr and Umar رضي الله عنهما sought permission to enter, and he allowed them while remaining in that state. But when Uthman رضي الله عنه sought permission, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sat up and adjusted his clothes. Aisha رضي الله عنها asked about the difference in his reception, and he said: "Should I not be shy of a man whom the angels are shy of?" The narration does not make shyness a contraction or weakness; rather, it establishes for Uthman a noble trait whose presence the Prophet ﷺ observed.
Why Does It Matter Today? Observing people's noble natures is a form of good companionship; respect notices the sensitivity of others and does not mock it.
Biographies of the Mentioned Companions
- Uthman ibn Affan, may Allah be pleased with him
The third of the Rightly Guided Caliphs and one of the early converts to Islam, he was nicknamed Dhun-Nurayn (the possessor of two lights) for marrying two of the Prophet's daughters ﷺ. He equipped the Army of Hardship and united the people on one Mushaf during his caliphate.
- Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him
Abdullah ibn Abi Quhafah, the first of the Rightly Guided Caliphs and among the earliest people to embrace Islam. The companion of the Prophet ﷺ in the Hijra, and he assumed the caliphate after his death.
- Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him
The second of the Rightly Guided Caliphs and one of the great companions of the Prophet ﷺ. He witnessed battles, and the state expanded during his caliphate with a clear emphasis on justice and consultation.
- Aishah bint Abi Bakr, may Allah be pleased with her
The Mother of the Believers, wife of the Prophet ﷺ, and daughter of Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him. She was among the most knowledgeable of the Companions and narrated the hadith about Uthman's modesty and other guidance from the Prophet ﷺ.
Source and Authenticity
Location: Hayat al-Sahaba, Volume Two, Chapter on the Virtues of Uthman and his Modesty
Attribution: Sahih Muslim from Aisha رضي الله عنها
Editorial Status: Authentic
Story 33 — Volume Three — Courage
An Early Archer and Prophetic Encouragement
Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas, may Allah be pleased with him
Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas, may Allah be pleased with him, was known for his excellence in archery, and it is reported that he was the first to shoot an arrow in the way of Allah. It is authentically narrated in the Two Sahihs that the Prophet ﷺ would hand him arrows on the Day of Uhud and say to him: "Shoot; may my father and mother be your ransom." These two reports together indicate Sa'd's precedence, skill, and status, but they do not imply that the first arrow and the encouragement at Uhud occurred at the same moment. Therefore, the story preserves the context for each incident and highlights how skill develops through initiative and then through encouragement.
Why Does It Matter Today? Competence is built through early practice, and a leader strengthens it when he sees mastery and clearly encourages it.
Biographies of the Mentioned Companions
- Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas, may Allah be pleased with him
Among the first to embrace Islam and one of the Ten Promised Paradise, and one of the most skilled archers among the Companions. He led the conquest of Iraq and was one of the six members of the Shura Council.
Source and Authenticity
Location: Hayat al-Sahabah, Volume Three, Chapter on Jihad and Archery
Attribution: Sahih al-Bukhari regarding the first arrow, and Sahih al-Bukhari and Muslim regarding the Prophet's ﷺ saying to Sa'd on the Day of Uhud: Shoot; may my father and mother be your ransom.
Editorial Status: Authentic
Note: The first arrow and the Prophet's ﷺ encouragement for him are established in authentic reports, but they are separate incidents in the narration; they are not merged here into a single chronological scene.
Story 34 — Volume Three — Courage
A Testimony for the Ten and Defense of the Companions
Sa'id ibn Zayd, may Allah be pleased with him
When a man spoke ill of Ali ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him, in the presence of Sa'id ibn Zayd, may Allah be pleased with him, Sa'id denounced it and reminded him of what he had heard from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ regarding the virtues of a group of his companions. He named Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, Ali, Talhah, al-Zubayr, Sa'd, Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf, and Abu Ubaydah, then stated that he was the tenth, and narrated the glad tidings of their entry into Paradise. His stance was a defense substantiated by what he had memorized, not blind fanaticism, and he declared it in a context that required a response to the offense.
Why Does It Matter Today? It is courageous to refute slander with documented truth, without turning virtues into fuel for new animosity.
Biographies of the Mentioned Companions
- Sa'id ibn Zayd, may Allah be pleased with him
Among the first to embrace Islam and one of the Ten Promised Paradise. He was the son of Zayd ibn Amr ibn Nufayl. He participated in battles after Badr and was known for avoiding seeking leadership.
- Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him
Abdullah ibn Abi Quhafah, the first of the Rightly Guided Caliphs and among the earliest people to embrace Islam. The companion of the Prophet ﷺ in the Hijra, and he assumed the caliphate after his death.
- Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him
The second of the Rightly Guided Caliphs and one of the great companions of the Prophet ﷺ. He witnessed battles, and the state expanded during his caliphate with a clear emphasis on justice and consultation.
- Uthman ibn Affan, may Allah be pleased with him
The third of the Rightly Guided Caliphs and one of the early converts to Islam, he was nicknamed Dhun-Nurayn (the possessor of two lights) for marrying two of the Prophet's daughters ﷺ. He equipped the Army of Hardship and united the people on one Mushaf during his caliphate.
- Ali ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him
The cousin of the Prophet ﷺ and husband of Fatimah, may Allah be pleased with her. He was among the first to embrace Islam and the fourth of the Rightly Guided Caliphs. He participated in all battles except Tabuk, when the Prophet ﷺ appointed him over Medina.
- Talhah ibn Ubayd Allah, may Allah be pleased with him
Among the first to embrace Islam and one of the Ten Promised Paradise. He fought in Uhud and defended the Prophet ﷺ there. He was one of the six members of the Shura Council.
- Al-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam, may Allah be pleased with him
One of the ten promised Paradise and among the first Muslims, and he was the cousin of the Prophet ﷺ. He witnessed the battles and was one of the six members of the Shura Council.
- Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas, may Allah be pleased with him
Among the first to embrace Islam and one of the Ten Promised Paradise, and one of the most skilled archers among the Companions. He led the conquest of Iraq and was one of the six members of the Shura Council.
- Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf, may Allah be pleased with him
One of the ten promised Paradise and one of the early Muhajirun. He was known for trade and generosity, and was one of the six members of the Shura Council.
- Abu Ubaydah Amir ibn al-Jarrah, may Allah be pleased with him
Among the first to embrace Islam and one of the Ten Promised Paradise. The Prophet ﷺ called him the 'Trustee of this Ummah.' He led armies in Syria and died during the Plague of Amwas.
Source and Authenticity
Location: Hayat al-Sahabah, Volume Three, Chapter on the Virtues of the Companions and Guarding the Tongue
Attribution: Sunan Abi Dawud, Jami' al-Tirmidhi, and Musnad Ahmad from Sa'id ibn Zayd, may Allah be pleased with him
Editorial Status: Good
Note: The hadith of the Ten is good due to the totality of its chains of narration, and the wordings of the narrations and the contexts of the gathering and the identification of who spoke vary; therefore, the presentation here is limited to the essence of Sa'id's denunciation and his narration of the virtue.
The Three Volumes
Part One
The Call and Building the Community
- The Call to Allah
- The Pledge and Loyalty
- Enduring Hardships
- The Emigration
- Support and Shelter
- Jihad and Sacrifice
Part Two
Unity and Purifying Life
- Uniting the Word
- Spending in the Way of Allah
- Striving Against Desires
- Morals and Virtues
- Mutual Consultation
Part Three
Faith, Worship, and Knowledge
- Belief in the Unseen
- Gathering for Prayer
- Knowledge and Remembrance
- Supplication
- Sermons and Admonitions
- Divine Confirmations and the Causes of Victory
Hayat al-Sahaba (Lives of the Companions), may Allah be pleased with them
Sheikh Muhammad Yusuf al-Kandhlawi — Volumes One, Two, and Three — New Revised Edition
Compiled, arranged, and commented by: Muhammad Ilyas al-Barabankwi
Read the book and its index in Al-Shamela Library
This page relied on the attached copies of the three volumes, with reference to the book's index in Al-Shamela Library. The introductory quote above is specific to the introduction of Volume One, while the presentation of the volumes summarizes the book's chapters and topics across the three volumes.