Mu gitabo «Ubugingo bw'Abaswahaba»
Menya Abaswahaba b'Intumwa yawe
Imana ibishimire bose
﴿وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَهَاجَرُوا وَجَاهَدُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَالَّذِينَ آوَوْا وَنَصَرُوا أُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ حَقًّا لَهُمْ مَغْفِرَةٌ وَرِزْقٌ كَرِيمٌ﴾
Uburyo bwo gusoma
Amateka y'ubuzima nk'ihitamo
Dusoma ibyabaye kugira ngo dusobanukirwe n'ihitamo umunyamuryango yafashe, n'ukwizera n'umuco byagaragajwe n'iryo hitamo.
Inkuru ni inshingano
Inkuru zigaragazwa hamwe n'aho zavuye n'urwego rwazo rw'ubwanditsi, kandi hatandukanywa hagati y'inkuru n'ivugurura ryoroheje.
Ubumenyi nk'urugero
Icyo bigamije ni ukwegereza amateka y'ubuzima ibisobanuro by'ukuri, kwihangana n'impuhwe ku buzima bw'umusomyi, aho kuguma ari amateka ya kera.
Kumenya Abaswahaba, Imana ibishimire, si ugukusanya amazina n'amateka gusa; ahubwo ni ukwegera igisekuru cyakiriye ihishurwa rivuye ku Ntumwa y'Imana ﷺ, kigahindura ukwemera ubuzima buboneka mu kuri, mu gutanga, mu gukomera no mu mbabazi.
Igitabo «Ubugingo bw'Abaswahaba» cyerekana amakuru yabo mu bice byacyo bitatu: kuva ku butumwa, indahiro, kwimuka, ubufasha n'urugamba, kugeza ku bumwe, gutanga, kurwanya irari n'imyitwarire, hanyuma ukwemera, ugusenga, ubumenyi, kuzirikana Imana, gusaba no kubwiriza. Kandi muri ubu buryo niho iyi page itangirira: Tumenya abagabo n'abagore binyuze mu bihe byubatse amateka yabo.
Ni amateka y'abagabo bahamagawe mu idini ya Isilamu barayemera, bayishimangira mu mitima yabo, kandi ijambo ryabo iyo bahamagarirwaga Imana n'Intumwa yayo ryari: ﴿Mwami wacu, twumvise uhamagarira ukwemera avuga ngo: Nimwemere Umwami wanyu, natwe turamwemera.﴾
Inkuru n'ibihe byatoranyijwe
Inkuru 35 zakuwe mu bice bitatu, zasubiwemo mu rurimi rworoshye, hamwe n'aho byavuye n'ubwiza bw'inkuru bigaragara muri buri nkuru.
Kwitanga
Ibihe Umuswahaba yashyize imbere ibyifuzo by'abandi kurusha ibye, agahitamo gukora ibyiza bifitiye abandi akamaro.
Inkuru 13 — Igice Cya mbere — Kwitanga
Igice cy'umutungo ntikigomba gufatwa
Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf na Sa'd ibn al-Rabi' (Allah yarabishimye)
Ubwo Intumwa y'Imana ﷺ yashyiraga ubucuti hagati y'Abimukira n'Abafasha, yashyize ubucuti hagati ya Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf na Sa'd ibn al-Rabi'. Sa'd yasabye umuvandimwe we w'Umwimukira ko basangira umutungo we, amubwira ko ari we mukire kurusha abandi mu Bafasha, kandi amwemerera ko yashoboraga gutandukana n'umwe mu bagore be babiri kugira ngo Abd al-Rahman amurongore nyuma y'igihe cyo gutegereza. Ibyo yatanze byari ikimenyetso cy'ubwitange nyakuri, atari ukubeshya; kuko yashakaga gukuraho umuvandimwe we ubuhunzi n'ubukene by'ubwimukira. Ariko Abd al-Rahman yaramushimiye kandi amusabira umugisha mu muryango we no mu mutungo we, hanyuma abaza aho isoko riherereye kugira ngo akore kandi yishakire amaramuko, maze bamwereka isoko rya Bani Qaynuqa'. Iyi nkuru ihuriza hamwe ubuntu bw'uwakiriye n'icyubahiro cy'uwaje: Umufasha yatanze ibyo akunda, kandi Umwimukira ntiyagize ubuntu bw'umuvandimwe we impamvu yo kureka gushaka.
Kuki bitureba uyu munsi? Kwitanga bifungura irembo ry'ubufasha, kandi icyubahiro kigakoresha ubufasha mu kubaka ubushobozi bwigenga aho gukomeza gukenera.
Amakuru y'abaswahaba bavuzwe
- Abd Al-Rahman ibn Awf, Imana imwishimire
Umwe mu bantu icumi basezeranijwe Ijuru n'umwe mu bimukira ba mbere. Yari azwiho ubucuruzi no gutanga, kandi yari umwe mu bagize inama y'abantu batandatu.
- Saad ibn Al-Rabi, Imana imwishimire
Umwe mu bakuru b'Abansari bo mu muryango wa Khazraj, Intumwa ﷺ yamuhuje na Abd Al-Rahman ibn Awf. Yishwe ku munsi wa Uhud.
Inkomoko n'ubwiza bw'inkuru
Aho biherereye: Hayat al-Sahaba, Igice cya Mbere, p. 459, Umutwe w'Ubuvandimwe
Aho byavuye: Sahih al-Bukhari kuva kuri Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf (Allah yarabishimye)
Urwego rw'ubwanditsi: Byemejwe
Inkuru 17 — Igice Cya kabiri — Kwitanga
Kugaburira umushyitsi mu rugo rw'abashonje
Umunyansari n'umugore we, Imana ibishimire
Umugabo yaje kwa Intumwa ﷺ yivovota ko ashonje, Intumwa ﷺ ntiyagira icyo imugaburira mu ngo ze, maze iravuga iti: "Ni nde uzacumbikira uyu mugabo iri joro, Imana imugirire impuhwe?" Umunyansari umwe arahaguruka amujyana iwe. Basanze bafite ibiryo bidahagije usibye abana gusa, maze umugabo n'umugore bemeranya kuryamisha abana bakagaburira umushyitsi ibyabo, kandi umugore akazimya itara nk'aho arisana kugira ngo umushyitsi atekereze ko barimo kurya na we. Baryamye bashonje bamureka akarya agahaga, maze mu gitondo Intumwa ﷺ ibabwira ko Imana yatangajwe n'ibyo bakoze, maze havugwa ibyerekeye ibikorwa nk'ibyo: ﴿Kandi bitanga ubwabo nubwo baba bafite ubukene bukabije.﴾ Inkuru nyayo ntiyavuze amazina, bityo inkuru ntiyitirirwa umuntu runaka.
Kuki bitureba uyu munsi? Kwitanga ntibisaba ubwinshi; bigaragara iyo tubungabunga icyubahiro cy'umukene nubwo tuzi icyo ubukene busobanura.
Amakuru y'abaswahaba bavuzwe
- Umugabo n'umugore b'Abansari, Imana ibishimire
Umugabo n'umugore b'Abansari bakiriye umushyitsi w'Intumwa ﷺ kandi bamuha ibiryo by'abana babo, barara bashonje. Inkuru nyayo ntiyavuze amazina yabo, bityo rero birahagije kubasobanura bitewe n'ibikorwa byabo nta gushimangira izina runaka.
Inkomoko n'ubwiza bw'inkuru
Aho biherereye: Ḥayāt aṣ-Ṣaḥābah, Igice cya Kabiri, pp. 412–413, Umutwe w'Ibyerekeye Kwitanga
Aho byavuye: Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī na Muslim bivuye kuri Abū Hurayrah, Imana imushimire
Urwego rw'ubwanditsi: Byemejwe
Icyitonderwa: Inkuru nyayo ntiyavuze amazina y'uwacumbikiye n'umugore we; bityo twirinda kuyitirira Abū Ṭalḥah cyangwa Umm Sulaym, nubwo amazina yagiye avugwa mu zindi nzira.
Inkuru 22 — Igice Cya gatatu — Kwitanga
Ntituri hejuru y'Intumwa y'Imana ﷺ
Abu Ayyub na Ummu Ayyub Al-Ansari, Imana ibishimire
Igihe Intumwa y'Imana ﷺ yageraga i Madina, yamanutse mu rugo rwa Abu Ayyub Al-Ansari, maze ahitamo igorofa yo hasi kugira ngo byorohere abamusura. Igihe Abu Ayyub na Ummu Ayyub bararaga mu igorofa yo hejuru, bumvise bafite ipfunwe kuba hejuru y'Intumwa y'Imana ﷺ, maze baguma ku ruhande rumwe rw'icyumba, hanyuma igikoresho cy'amazi kirabagwira maze bahita bakihanagura kubera ubwoba ko amazi yagera ku Intumwa y'Imana ﷺ. Bamusabye kwimukira mu igorofa yo hejuru, maze yimukayo igihe abantu benshi bamugendereraga. Inkuru zigaragaza ubusobanuro bw'umuco wo kwakira abashyitsi, aho umunezero w'umushyitsi n'uburenganzira bwe biza imbere y'umunezero w'abakiriye.
Kuki bitureba uyu munsi? Kwakira umushyitsi si ikimenyetso cy'imibereho; ni ukwitondera umunezero we n'uburenganzira bwe, ndetse no mu bihe bigoye cyane.
Amakuru y'abaswahaba bavuzwe
- Abu Ayyub al-Ansari, Allah amwishimire
Khalid ibn Zayd al-Ansari. Intumwa ﷺ yagumye mu rugo rwe igihe yageraga i Madina. Yitabiriye intambara zose kandi yakomeje kuba umujihadi kugeza apfiriye mu ntambara ya Constantinople.
- Umm Ayyub al-Ansariya, Allah amwishimire
Umugore wa Abu Ayyub al-Ansari, akaba umwe mu bahamya b'abagore. Urugi rwe rwakiriye Intumwa ﷺ igihe yimukaga. Avugwa mu nkuru z'ubwakiranyi bwa mbere bw'Intumwa ﷺ i Madina.
Inkomoko n'ubwiza bw'inkuru
Aho biherereye: Hayat As-Sahabah, Igice cya Gatatu, pp. 29–31, Umutwe w'Urukundo rw'Intumwa y'Imana ﷺ
Aho byavuye: Byakiriwe na At-Tabarani, kandi umwimerere w'uko yamanutse mu rugo rwa Abu Ayyub urahamye muri As-Sahih
Urwego rw'ubwanditsi: Inkomoko ihamye n'ibisobanuro bitandukanye
Icyitonderwa: Kuba yamanutse ﷺ mu rugo rwa Abu Ayyub birahamye muri As-Sahih, naho ibisobanuro birambuye byo kuguma ku ruhande rw'icyumba n'igikoresho cy'amazi bivugwa mu bitabo bya Sira no mu nkoranyamagambo bifite iminyururu y'abavuga inkuru ikeneye kwitonderwa.
Inkuru 27 — Igice Cya mbere — Ubutwari
Ukuboko kurinda Intumwa y'Imana ﷺ
Talha ibn Ubaydullah (Allah amwishimire)
Urugamba rwo ku musozi wa Uhud rwarakaze, maze aho Intumwa y'Imana ﷺ yari ari harigaragaza. Talha ibn Ubaydullah (Allah amwishimire) yagumye hafi ye, amurinda akaga kugeza ubwo yakomeretse. Byemejwe muri Sahih Al-Bukhari ko ukuboko kwe kwapfuye cyangwa kwakomeretse ubwo yarindaga Intumwa ﷺ, kandi Abagenzi be baramushimye kubera ibyo yakoze uwo munsi. Umubare w'ibikomere bye n'uko buri gikorwa cyakozwe ku rugamba bivugwa mu nkuru zitandukanye; icyo twizeye ni uko yitanze n'ukuboko kwe nk'ingabo mu gihe gikomeye.
Kuki bitureba uyu munsi? Ubutwari si ugushaka gukomeretswa, ahubwo ni ugutanga icyo dushoboye kugira ngo turinde ubuzima twahawe igihe amahitamo aba make.
Amakuru y'abaswahaba bavuzwe
- Talha ibn Ubayd Allah, Allah amwishimire
Umwe mu ba mbere bahindukiriye Islamu n'umwe mu icumi basezeranijwe Ijuru. Yitabiriye Uhud kandi arwanira Intumwa ﷺ, kandi yari umwe mu bagize inama y'abantu batandatu.
Inkomoko n'ubwiza bw'inkuru
Aho biherereye: Hayat Al-Sahaba, Igice cya Mbere, Umutwe w'Urugamba rwa Uhud no Kurinda Intumwa y'Imana ﷺ
Aho byavuye: Sahih Al-Bukhari ivuga kuri Qays ibn Abi Hazim ku bijyanye n'ikomere rya Talha ku kuboko kwe ku munsi wa Uhud
Urwego rw'ubwanditsi: Byemejwe
Icyitonderwa: Kurinda kwe Intumwa ﷺ no gukomereka kw'ukuboko kwe byemejwe muri Al-Bukhari; ariko, umubare w'ibikomere n'ibindi bisobanuro bimwe na bimwe byo gutwara kwe Intumwa ﷺ bitandukanye mu nkuru za Sira, bityo ntibyashyizweho nk'ikintu kimwe cyemejwe.
Inkuru 29 — Igice Cya kabiri — Ubwiyoroshye
Ndebera umutwaro wanjye ku munsi w'imperuka
Umar ibn Al-Khattab, Allah amwishimire
Inkuru zivuga ko Umar ibn Al-Khattab, Allah amwishimire, yagiye kureba abantu nijoro, abona umuriro, asanga umugore n'abana barira kubera inzara, kandi yari yashyize inkono irimo amazi kugira ngo abacecekeshe kugeza basinziriye. Yihutiye kujya mu bubiko bw'ibiribwa, yikorera ifu n'amavuta ku mugongo, ananira umukozi we kumukorera, hanyuma ateka abana kugeza baririye baraseka. Ntiyabonye umwanya we nk'imbogamizi hagati ye no kwikorera ibiribwa no gutegura ifunguro; ahubwo yabonye inzara y'umuryango nk'inshingano isaba ko ahari kandi akora.
Kuki bitureba uyu munsi? Ubwiyoroshye mu nshingano si isura igaragara; ni ukwikorera ubwawe ibikuraho ingaruka iyo gutanga itegeko bidahagije.
Amakuru y'abaswahaba bavuzwe
- Umar ibn al-Khattab, Allah amwishimire
Kalifa wa kabiri mu bakhalifa bayoboye neza kandi umwe mu basahaba bakuru b'Intumwa ﷺ. Yitabiriye intambara, kandi ubwami bwaragutse mu gihe cy'ubuyobozi bwe, akaba yari azwiho ubutabera n'ubujyanama.
Inkomoko n'ubwiza bw'inkuru
Aho biherereye: Hayat Al-Sahaba, Igice cya kabiri, Umutwe wo guhumuriza abakene no kureba abaturage
Aho byavuye: Inkuru za Umar kwa Ibn Sa'd, Abu Nu'aym, na Al-Bayhaqi muri Dala'il Al-Nubuwwah n'iminyururu n'amagambo atandukanye
Urwego rw'ubwanditsi: Umunyururu wayo uratandukanye
Icyitonderwa: Iyi nkuru izwi cyane mu mateka, ariko iminyururu yayo n'amagambo yayo biracyari mu bushakashatsi kandi si hadith yakuwe mu bitabo bya Sahihayn; yanditswe ku buryo buhuriweho bw'inkuru yo kureba kwa Umar no kwikorera ibiribwa.
Ubufatanye
Ingero z'ubufatanye bw'abaswahaba mu gushaka ubumenyi, gukorera umuryango, no gusangira inshingano.
Inkuru 8 — Igice Cya kabiri — Inshingano rusange
Nta cyemezo kidafite inama
Umar ibn Al-Khattab n'abantu bo mu nama, Allah abishimire
Umar ibn Al-Khattab, Allah amwishimire, amaze gukomereka no kumenya ko igikomere cye gishobora kumuviramo urupfu, yabajije abantu ku bijyanye n'ubusimbura, ariko ntiyabigira umurage cyangwa ngo ashyireho izina runaka. Yavuze amazina y'abasahaba batandatu bakuru, avuga ko Intumwa ﷺ yapfuye ibishimira, maze ashyira amahitamo hagati yabo. Yinjije umuhungu we Abdullah mu nama kugira ngo bungukirwe n'igitekerezo cye, hanyuma asobanura ko nta ruhare na rumwe afite mu cyemezo, kugira ngo ubucuti bw'umukhalifa butazaba inzira yo gutegeka. Nyuma y'urupfu rwe, Abdurrahman ibn Awf yafashe inshingano yo kugisha inama, abaza abantu kandi asuzuma ikibazo igihe kirekire kugeza igihe amahitamo yaguye kuri Uthman, Allah abishimire bombi. Agaciro k'iki kibazo ntikari mu mazina y'abo batandatu gusa, ahubwo kari mu kuba umuntu wari ufite ubushobozi bwo kugira ingaruka yararetse uburyo bwo guhererekanya inshingano bugaba bunini kuruta ubushake bwe bwite, kandi asigira inshingano yo gufata icyemezo ku bantu bo mu nama.
Kuki bitureba uyu munsi? Umuyobozi ufite inshingano yubaka uburyo bwo guhererekanya inshingano ku buryo budashingiye kuri we wenyine.
Amakuru y'abaswahaba bavuzwe
- Umar ibn al-Khattab, Allah amwishimire
Kalifa wa kabiri mu bakhalifa bayoboye neza kandi umwe mu basahaba bakuru b'Intumwa ﷺ. Yitabiriye intambara, kandi ubwami bwaragutse mu gihe cy'ubuyobozi bwe, akaba yari azwiho ubutabera n'ubujyanama.
- Abagize inama y'abantu batandatu, Imana ibishimire
Ni Uthman, Ali, Talha, Al-Zubayr, Saad ibn Abi Waqqas, na Abd Al-Rahman ibn Awf. Umar yabahaye uburenganzira bwo guhitamo Khalif. Bari mu Basahaba bakuru Intumwa ﷺ yapfuye ibishimira, nk'uko byavuzwe na Umar.
- Abdullah ibn Umar, Allah amwishimire
Umusahaba ukomeye n'umuhungu wa Umar ibn al-Khattab, Allah amwishimire. Yari azwiho gukurikiza cyane Sunnah no kwandika hadith nyinshi, kandi yitabiriye inama y'abantu batandatu nta burenganzira bwo kuba Khalif.
Inkomoko n'ubwiza bw'inkuru
Aho biherereye: Hayat As-Sahabah, Igice cya kabiri, pp. 38–41, Igice cy'Inama
Aho byavuye: Sahih Al-Bukhari kuri Amr ibn Maymun mu nkuru y'iyicwa rya Umar n'Inama
Urwego rw'ubwanditsi: Byemejwe
Inkuru 12 — Igice Cya gatatu — Gushaka ubumenyi
Umunsi umwe kuri we n'undi ku muturanyi we
Umar ibn Al-Khattab n'umuturanyi we w'Umunyansari, Allah akabishimira
Umar ibn Al-Khattab, Allah akamwishimira, yari atuye mu bice bya 'Awali bya Madina, kandi yari afite umuturanyi w'Umunyansari wo mu muryango wa Bani Umayya ibn Zayd. Bombi basimburanaga kujya ku ntumwa y'Imana ﷺ. Umwe yajyaga umunsi umwe akitabira inama akakira ibyahishuwe, ubumenyi, n'amakuru y'Intumwa y'Imana ﷺ, hanyuma akagaruka akabwira mugenzi we ibyo yumvise, maze undi akajyayo ku munsi ukurikiyeho, kugira ngo imirimo yabo n'ubuzima bwabo bitababuza gukomeza kuba hafi y'isoko ry'ubuyobozi. Nta n'umwe muri bo wategereje umwanya uhagije utazigera uboneka, ahubwo bashyizeho igihe n'inshingano hagati yabo, maze ubumenyi buhinduka umukono abaturanyi basimburana. Muri iyi nkuru, Umar asobanura uburyo bufatika bwo kwiga no gukurikirana: kwitabira mu buryo butaziguye igihe bishoboka, hanyuma kugeza neza amakuru ku wabuze, mu gihe bakomeje guhuza n'inama y'Intumwa.
Kuki bitureba uyu munsi? Gushaka ubumenyi ntibisaba buri gihe umwanya uhagije; bishobora gushyirwaho binyuze mu bufatanye buboneye abantu basangiramo igihe n'ubumenyi.
Amakuru y'abaswahaba bavuzwe
- Umar ibn al-Khattab, Allah amwishimire
Kalifa wa kabiri mu bakhalifa bayoboye neza kandi umwe mu basahaba bakuru b'Intumwa ﷺ. Yitabiriye intambara, kandi ubwami bwaragutse mu gihe cy'ubuyobozi bwe, akaba yari azwiho ubutabera n'ubujyanama.
Inkomoko n'ubwiza bw'inkuru
Aho biherereye: Hayat As-Sahaba, Igice cya Gatatu, pp. 502–503, aho Umar n'umuturanyi we w'Umunyansari basimburanaga
Aho byavuye: Sahih Al-Bukhari kuri Umar ibn Al-Khattab, Allah akamwishimira
Urwego rw'ubwanditsi: Sahih
Inkuru 14 — Igice Cya mbere — Ubufatanye
Ibiryo by'urugendo n'imikanda ibiri
Asma (Allah amwishimire) na Abu Bakr As-Siddiq (Allah amwishimire)
Igihe Intumwa y'Imana ﷺ na Abu Bakr As-Siddiq (Allah amwishimire) biteguraga kwimuka, inzu ya Abu Bakr As-Siddiq (Allah amwishimire) yari igice cy'urugendo rwateguwe neza, atari ahantu ho gusezera gusa. Asma umukobwa wa Abu Bakr yabateguriye ibiryo by'urugendo, kandi kubera ko atabonye icyo abihambirisha, yaciye umukanda we mo kabiri: kimwe akoresha guhambira ibiryo, ikindi akakigira umukanda we, bityo akitwa Nyir'imikanda ibiri. Ibyo yakoze ntabwo byari igikorwa cy'ikimenyetso gusa; ahubwo yari yujuje ikintu cy'ingenzi mu gihe cyo kwihisha no kwitegura, kandi ibyo abagize umuryango bakoze byafashije gutegura urugendo nta rusaku cyangwa gushaka kumenyekana.
Kuki bitureba uyu munsi? Igikorwa kinini gisaba imirimo mito, yuzuye; kandi ibyo umuntu akorera mu rugo rwe bishobora kuba igice cy'ingenzi cy'intsinzi y'itsinda.
Amakuru y'abaswahaba bavuzwe
- Asma bint Abi Bakr, Imana imwishimire
Nyir'imikandara ibiri, umwe mu bakobwa ba mbere bahindukiriye Isilamu n'umukobwa wa Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq, Imana imwishimire. Yagize uruhare rukomeye mu gutegura Hijra, kandi yavuze Hadith n'inkuru z'ubuzima bwa Prorok.
- Abu Bakr as-Siddiq, Allah amwishimire
Abdullah ibn Abi Quhafah, Kalifa wa mbere mu bakhalifa bayoboye neza kandi umwe mu babimburiye abandi kwinjira mu idini ya Isilamu. Yari inshuti y'Intumwa ﷺ mu kwimuka, kandi yayoboye ubukhalifa nyuma y'urupfu rwe.
Inkomoko n'ubwiza bw'inkuru
Aho biherereye: حياة الصحابة, Igice cya mbere, pp. 410–411, Umutwe w'Urugendo
Aho byavuye: صحيح البخاري kuri Asma (Allah amwishimire), hamwe n'ibisobanuro birambuye mu bitabo bya Sira
Urwego rw'ubwanditsi: Byemejwe
Icyitonderwa: Inkomoko yo gutegura ibiryo n'izina rya Nyir'imikanda ibiri byemejwe muri Bukhari; kandi ibisobanuro birambuye by'ibice bimwe na bimwe byo kwirukana no gusura bivugwa muri Sira hamwe n'iminyururu itandukanye.
Inkuru 16 — Igice Cya mbere — Ubufatanye
Ijambo ry'abimukira imbere ya Negus
Ja'far ibn Abi Talib na Umm Salamah, Allah abishimire bombi
Igihe intumwa z'Abakurayshi zageze ku bimukira muri Abyssinia zibasaba kubagarura, Negus yakoranyije abimukira maze ababaza idini batandukanyije n'abantu babo. Abimukira bahitamo Ja'far ibn Abi Talib ngo avugire mu izina ryabo, maze asobanura uko bari bameze mbere ya Islam n'ibyo Intumwa ﷺ yabahamagariyeho by'ukuri, ubunyangamugayo no gusura abavandimwe, hanyuma asoma igice cya mbere cya Surah Maryam. Negus n'abari bamukikije barahungabana, maze yanga kubashyikiriza. Ku munsi wakurikiyeho, intumwa zagerageje kuzamura ikibazo cya Isa (Yesu), amahoro abe kuri we, maze Ja'far asobanura ibyo Intumwa ﷺ yazanye kuri we, maze Negus arushaho kubarinda. Umm Salamah, umwe mu bagore bimukanye, yanditse iyi nkuru y'amateka ayisobanura nk'icyemezo cy'itsinda abantu bahisemo neza umuvugizi kandi bakabika ukuri kw'imyifatire yabo.
Kuki bitureba uyu munsi? Ubufatanye mu bihe by'ibibazo ntibivuze ko buri wese agomba kuvuga; ahubwo ni ukwihitiramo umuntu ubavugira mu kuri no mu bumenyi.
Amakuru y'abaswahaba bavuzwe
- Ja'far ibn Abi Talib, Imana imwishimire
Umuhungu wa nyirarume w'Intumwa ﷺ na murumuna wa Ali, kandi umwe mu bimukira ba mbere bagiye muri Abyssinia. Yishwe ari umuyobozi i Mu'tah, kandi Intumwa ﷺ yamwise Dhu Al-Janahayn (Nyir'amababa abiri).
- Umm Salama, Allah amwishimire
Hind bint Abi Umayya, umwe mu bagore b'Intumwa ﷺ n'umwe mu bagore ba mbere bimutse. Yaranditse Hadith nyinshi, akaba yari azwiho ubwenge n'ubumenyi mu mategeko ya Isilamu.
Inkomoko n'ubwiza bw'inkuru
Aho biherereye: حياة الصحابة, Igice cya mbere, p. 423–427, Umutwe w'Ukwimuka muri Abyssinia
Aho byavuye: Ibn Ishaq kuva kuri hadith ya Umm Salamah, Allah amwishimire
Urwego rw'ubwanditsi: Inkuru y'amateka
Icyitonderwa: Inkuru y'amateka izwi cyane ivugwa binyuze kuri Umm Salamah muri Ibn Ishaq; ntabwo ifatwa nk'inyandiko ya hadith ifite isnad (urukurikirane rw'abavuganye) ikomeye.
Inkuru 21 — Igice Cya gatatu — Ubufatanye
Gukusanya Qur'an: Icyemezo, Isuzuma, n'Ubunyangamugayo
Abu Bakr As-Siddiq (Imana imwishimire), Umar ibn Al-Khattab (Imana imwishimire), na Zayd ibn Thabit (Imana imwishimire)
Nyuma y'uko abasomyi benshi ba Qur'an baguye ku rugamba rwa Yamama, Umar ibn Al-Khattab (Imana imwishimire) yagize impungenge ko igice cya Qur'an cyashira hamwe n'abayimenye mu mutwe. Yagiriye inama Abu Bakr As-Siddiq (Imana imwishimire) kuyikusanya. Abu Bakr As-Siddiq (Imana imwishimire) yabanje kubyanga kuko ari umurimo Intumwa y'Imana ﷺ itigeze ikora muri ubwo buryo, ariko Imana yaje kumufungurira umutima nyuma yo kubisuzuma. Yahamagaye Zayd ibn Thabit, wari umwe mu banditsi b'ihishurwa, maze Zayd abona ko ari umurimo ukomeye ariko arabyemera. Yakusanyije Qur'an avana ku bishishwa by'ibiti, ku mababi y'imikindo, no mu mitima y'abagabo, abikora yitonze cyane. Iyi nkuru igaragaza ko kubika inyandiko bitari ugukora ibintu byihuse ku giti cye: Umar yarabitekereje, Abu Bakr As-Siddiq (Imana imwishimire) arabishyigikira, maze Zayd abishyira mu bikorwa akoresheje uburyo bw'ubushishozi buhanitse.
Kuki bitureba uyu munsi? Ubunyangamugayo rusange busaba kugira icyo ukora, hanyuma kugisha inama, hanyuma gukora umurimo ukurikije amabwiriza atihagije ku mugambi mwiza gusa.
Amakuru y'abaswahaba bavuzwe
- Abu Bakr as-Siddiq, Allah amwishimire
Abdullah ibn Abi Quhafah, Kalifa wa mbere mu bakhalifa bayoboye neza kandi umwe mu babimburiye abandi kwinjira mu idini ya Isilamu. Yari inshuti y'Intumwa ﷺ mu kwimuka, kandi yayoboye ubukhalifa nyuma y'urupfu rwe.
- Umar ibn al-Khattab, Allah amwishimire
Kalifa wa kabiri mu bakhalifa bayoboye neza kandi umwe mu basahaba bakuru b'Intumwa ﷺ. Yitabiriye intambara, kandi ubwami bwaragutse mu gihe cy'ubuyobozi bwe, akaba yari azwiho ubutabera n'ubujyanama.
- Zayd ibn Thabit, Allah amwishimire
Umunyamabanga w'ihishurwa mu Bansari, yitabiriye intambara ya Khandaq n'izayikurikiye. Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, Allah amwishimire, yamushinze gukusanya Qur'an, hanyuma yagize uruhare mu gukusanya kwa Uthman igitabo cya Qur'an.
Inkomoko n'ubwiza bw'inkuru
Aho biherereye: Hayat As-Sahaba, Igice cya Gatatu, pp. 81–82, Igice cyo Kubika Qur'an
Aho byavuye: Sahih Al-Bukhari ivuga kuri Zayd ibn Thabit (Imana imwishimire)
Urwego rw'ubwanditsi: Byemewe
Inkuru 24 — Igice Cya gatatu — Gukorera
Mfashe wowe ubwawe mu gusenga cyane
Rabi'ah ibn Ka'b al-Aslami, Allah amwishimire
Rabi'ah ibn Ka'b al-Aslami, Allah amwishimire, yakoreraga Intumwa ﷺ akamuzanira amazi yo kwiyuhagira n'ibindi byo kumukenera. Umunsi umwe, Intumwa ﷺ yaramubwiye ati: "Saba." Rabi'ah yahisemo gusaba ikintu kirenze inyungu yihuse, maze aravuga ati: "Ndagusabye ko tuzabana mu Ijuru." Intumwa ﷺ yaramubajije niba nta kindi yifuza, maze amaze gushimangira icyifuzo cye, Intumwa ﷺ iravuga iti: "Ngaho mfashe wowe ubwawe mu gusenga cyane." Inkuru ntiyerekana gukorera nk'inzira yo kwishimira cyangwa kubona inyungu y'ubuntu, ahubwo yerekana umubano w'uburere: gukorera by'ukuri, hanyuma gusaba kwinshi, hanyuma kuyobora ku gusenga n'ibikorwa bifasha umuntu kugera ku ntego ye.
Kuki bitureba uyu munsi? Umwarimu w'ukuri ntiyanyurwa no gutanga ibyiringiro gusa; ahubwo ahuriza hamwe icyifuzo n'igikorwa gitunganya umuntu kugira ngo agere kuri icyo cyifuzo.
Amakuru y'abaswahaba bavuzwe
- Rabi'a ibn Ka'b al-Aslami, Allah amwishimire
Umuhamya wo mu bantu ba Suffah, yakoreye Intumwa ﷺ kandi amwegera. Yaranditse Hadith y'ikibazo cye cyo gusaba guherekeza Intumwa ﷺ mu Ijuru.
Inkomoko n'ubwiza bw'inkuru
Aho biherereye: حياة الصحابة، الجزء الثالث، ص ٣٩٨–٣٩٩، باب خدمة النبي ﷺ
Aho byavuye: صحيح مسلم عن ربيعة بن كعب الأسلمي رضي الله عنه
Urwego rw'ubwanditsi: By'ukuri
Inkuru 25 — Igice Cya mbere — Ubutwari
Mbese mwica umuntu kubera ko avuga ati: Nyagasani wanjye ni Allah?
Abu Bakr As-Siddiq, Allah amwishimire
Mu gihe Intumwa y'Imana ﷺ yasengeraga kuri Kaaba, Uqbah bin Abi Mu'ayt yaje ashyira umwenda we mu ijosi ry'Intumwa ﷺ amuniga cyane. Abu Bakr As-Siddiq, Allah amwishimire, yahise amukuraho Intumwa y'Imana ﷺ avuga ati: ﴿Mbese mwica umuntu kubera ko avuga ati: Nyagasani wanjye ni Allah, kandi yaje abazaniye ibimenyetso biturutse kwa Nyagasani wanyu?﴾. Abu Bakr As-Siddiq, Allah amwishimire, ntiyategereje ko akaga kashira cyangwa ko abamushyigikiye baba benshi; yabonye igitero kibaye maze atanga umubiri we n'ijambo rye kugira ngo arinde Intumwa y'Imana ﷺ, mu mwanya inkuru nyayo yabitswe nk'ikimenyetso cy'ubutwari bwe bwa mbere.
Kuki bitureba uyu munsi? Ubutwari bw'umuco ni ugutera imbere mu guhagarika igitero iyo kwinjira bihenze, aho kwihaza no kubyamagana nyuma y'uko akaga kashize.
Amakuru y'abaswahaba bavuzwe
- Abu Bakr as-Siddiq, Allah amwishimire
Abdullah ibn Abi Quhafah, Kalifa wa mbere mu bakhalifa bayoboye neza kandi umwe mu babimburiye abandi kwinjira mu idini ya Isilamu. Yari inshuti y'Intumwa ﷺ mu kwimuka, kandi yayoboye ubukhalifa nyuma y'urupfu rwe.
Inkomoko n'ubwiza bw'inkuru
Aho biherereye: حياة الصحابة, Igice cya mbere, Umutwe wo kwihanganira ibibazo no kurwanirira Intumwa y'Imana ﷺ
Aho byavuye: صحيح البخاري kuva kuri Urwah bin Az-Zubayr mu kibazo cya Abdullah bin Amr, Allah abishimire bombi
Urwego rw'ubwanditsi: Byemejwe
Inkuru 26 — Igice Cya mbere — Ubutwari
Ijoro rya Hijra no gusubiza ibyabikijwe
Ali bin Abi Talib, Allah amwishimire
Ibitabo by'amateka y'ubuzima byanditse ko igihe Quraish yari ikikije inzu y'Intumwa y'Imana ﷺ mu ijoro rya Hijra, Ali bin Abi Talib, Allah amwishimire, yaryamye ku buriri bwe yipfuka umwenda we, mu gihe Intumwa y'Imana ﷺ yari yagiye mu nzira ijya i Madina. Hanyuma Ali yagumye i Makka iminsi runaka asubiza Intumwa y'Imana ﷺ ibyabikijwe yari afite by'abantu babyo, nubwo bamwe mu bafite ibyo byabikijwe bari mu bamurwanyaga kandi bakamubabaza. Inkuru ihuriza hamwe ubutwari bw'umusore wishyize mu kaga n'ubunyangamugayo budashira kubera amakimbirane n'abafite uburenganzira.
Kuki bitureba uyu munsi? Ubunyangamugayo ntibugabanywa bitewe n'uko abantu batubona; kandi ubudahemuka bugaragara iyo twubahirije uburenganzira bw'uwadutandukiriye kandi dushobora kubureka.
Amakuru y'abaswahaba bavuzwe
- Ali ibn Abi Talib, Allah amwishimire
Mubyara w'Intumwa ﷺ n'umugabo wa Fatima, Allah amwishimire, umwe mu ba mbere bahindukiriye Islamu n'uwa kane mu Bakhalifa bayobowe neza. Yitabiriye intambara zose usibye Tabuk, igihe Intumwa ﷺ yamushyiragaho kuba umuyobozi wa Madina.
Inkomoko n'ubwiza bw'inkuru
Aho biherereye: حياة الصحابة, Igice cya mbere, Umutwe wa Hijra
Aho byavuye: سيرة ابن إسحاق n'inkuru z'amateka y'ubuzima ku nkuru y'ijoro rya Hijra
Urwego rw'ubwanditsi: Inkuru y'amateka y'ubuzima
Icyitonderwa: Inkuru y'uko Ali, Allah amwishimire, yaryamye ku buriri bwe akasubiza ibyabikijwe izwi cyane mu bitabo by'amateka y'ubuzima, ariko ibisobanuro birambuye by'iyo nkuru n'iminyururu yayo ntibiri ku rwego rw'Hadith za Sahihayn; bityo rero, irerekanwa nk'inkuru y'amateka y'ubuzima.
Inkuru 28 — Igice Cya mbere — Ubutwari
Ni nde uzajya kureba Banu Qurayza?
Al-Zubayr ibn Al-Awwam (Allah amwishimire)
Ku munsi w'Abashyize Hamwe, Intumwa ﷺ yari akeneye umuntu uzamuzanira amakuru kuri Banu Qurayza, maze ahamagara Abagenzi be avuga ati: «Ni nde uzajya kureba Banu Qurayza?» Al-Zubayr ibn Al-Awwam (Allah amwishimire) yiyemeje iyo nshingano. Intumwa ﷺ yongeye guhamagara ubwa kabiri n'ubwa gatatu, kandi buri gihe Al-Zubayr ni we wavugaga ati: Ndi hano. Icyo gihe Intumwa ﷺ yavuze ati: «Buri muhanuzi afite umwigishwa we w'umwizerwa, n'umwigishwa wanjye w'umwizerwa ni Al-Zubayr.» Gusubiza kwe inshuro nyinshi bigaragaza ubushake buhoraho, atari ishyaka ry'akanya gato ku ihamagarwa rya mbere.
Kuki bitureba uyu munsi? Kwizera ntikugaragarira mu kwemera inshingano rimwe gusa, ahubwo kugaragarira mu kwitegura gushya igihe icyifuzo kigihari.
Amakuru y'abaswahaba bavuzwe
- Al-Zubayr ibn Al-Awwam, Imana imwishimire
Umwe mu bantu icumi basezeranijwe Ijuru n'umwe mu Basilamu ba mbere, kandi ni umuhungu wa nyirasenge w'Intumwa ﷺ. Yitabiriye intambara kandi yari umwe mu bagize inama y'abantu batandatu.
Inkomoko n'ubwiza bw'inkuru
Aho biherereye: Hayat Al-Sahaba, Igice cya Mbere, Umutwe w'Urugamba n'Ubutasi
Aho byavuye: Sahih Al-Bukhari na Muslim bivuga kuri Jabir ibn Abdullah (Allah abishimire bombi)
Urwego rw'ubwanditsi: Byemejwe
Inkuru 32 — Igice Cya kabiri — Ubwiyoroshye
Nzagutumaho umwizerwa, umwizerwa nyabyo
Abu Ubayda Amir ibn al-Jarrah, Imana imwishimire
Abantu ba Najran basabye Intumwa ﷺ ko yabohereza umuntu w'umwizerwa uzabigisha kandi akabakemurira ibyo batumvikanyeho. Yabasezeranyije ko azaboherereza umuntu w'umwizerwa, umwizerwa nyabyo, maze Abaswahaba bifuza icyo gihamya, atari ukugira ngo babe abayobozi ahubwo bifuza ko umwe muri bo yaba nyiracyo. Intumwa ﷺ yahisemo Abu Ubayda ibn al-Jarrah, Imana imwishimire, maze aravuga ati: «Uyu ni umwizerwa w'iyi Ummah.» Abu Ubayda yakiriye inshingano maze ajya kuyisohoza atahinduye ishimwe kuba ubwirasi cyangwa inyungu bwite.
Kuki bitureba uyu munsi? Ubwiyoroshye burinda nyir'icyizere kwishimira cyane; abona ishimwe nk'inshingano ikeneye akazi, atari umwanya umukura ku nshingano.
Amakuru y'abaswahaba bavuzwe
- Abu Ubayda Amir ibn al-Jarrah, Allah amwishimire
Umwe mu ba mbere bahindukiriye Islamu n'umwe mu icumi basezeranijwe Ijuru, kandi Intumwa ﷺ yamwise umurinzi w'iyi Ummah. Yayoboye ingabo mu Sham kandi apfira mu cyorezo cya Amwas.
Inkomoko n'ubwiza bw'inkuru
Aho biherereye: Hayat al-Sahaba, Igice cya kabiri, Umutwe wo kohereza abahamagarira n'abizerwa
Aho byavuye: Sahih al-Bukhari na Muslim bivuye kuri Anas ibn Malik na Hudhayfah, Imana ibishimire
Urwego rw'ubwanditsi: Sahih
Inkuru 35 — Igice Cya gatatu — Ubwenge
Inkota mu Nkozi z'Imana i Mu'tah
Khalid ibn al-Walid ﷺ
Intumwa ﷺ yamenyesheje abagenzi be i Madina ibyabereye i Mu'tah: Zayd ibn Harithah yafashe ibendera maze yitanga, hanyuma Ja'far ibn Abi Talib na we yitanga, hanyuma Abdullah ibn Rawahah na we yitanga, mu gihe amaso y'Intumwa ﷺ yuzuye amarira. Hanyuma Khalid ibn al-Walid ﷺ yafashe ibendera nta buyobozi bw'ibanze, maze Intumwa ﷺ imwita inkota mu nkozi z'Imana, kandi Imana yatumye intsinzi cyangwa agakiza biba ku maboko ye. Amakuru arambuye asanzwe avuga ibyerekeye guhindura imyanya y'ingabo n'umugambi wo gusubira inyuma, ibyo byanditswe mu bitabo by'amateka ariko ntibihamya byose mu magambo y'Hadith nyayo.
Kuki bitureba uyu munsi? Mu gihe cyo gusenyuka kw'umurongo usanzwe w'ubuyobozi, umuryango ukeneye umuntu ufata icyemezo kandi akarinda abantu akoresheje uburambe bwe n'ubutwari bwe.
Amakuru y'abaswahaba bavuzwe
- Khalid ibn al-Walid, Allah amwishimire
Umunyamuryango w'ingabo wahindukiriye Islamu mbere y'ifatwa rya Makka, kandi Intumwa ﷺ yamwise inkota mu nkozi za Allah nyuma ya Mutah. Yitabiriye intambara zo kurwanya abahakanyi n'ifatwa rya Iraki na Sham.
- Zayd ibn Harithah, Allah amwishimire
Urukundo rw'Intumwa ﷺ n'umugaragu we, kandi umwe mu ba mbere bahindukiriye Islamu. Intumwa ﷺ yamushyizeho kuba umuyobozi w'ingabo za Mutah, maze atwara ibendera kugeza apfuye ari intwari.
- Ja'far ibn Abi Talib, Imana imwishimire
Umuhungu wa nyirarume w'Intumwa ﷺ na murumuna wa Ali, kandi umwe mu bimukira ba mbere bagiye muri Abyssinia. Yishwe ari umuyobozi i Mu'tah, kandi Intumwa ﷺ yamwise Dhu Al-Janahayn (Nyir'amababa abiri).
- Abdullah ibn Rawaha (Imana imwishimire)
Umunyamuryango w'Ansar, umwe mu basizi b'Intumwa ﷺ n'abakuru b'i Aqaba. Yayoboye igitambaro cy'Abayisilamu i Mu'tah nyuma y'urupfu rwa Zayd na Ja'far, hanyuma nawe arapfa (Imana imwishimire).
Inkomoko n'ubwiza bw'inkuru
Aho biherereye: Hayat al-Sahabah, Igice cya Gatatu, Umutwe wa Ghazwat Mu'tah na al-Imarah
Aho byavuye: Sahih al-Bukhari ivuga kuri Anas ibn Malik ﷺ mu nkuru ya Mu'tah
Urwego rw'ubwanditsi: Byemejwe
Icyitonderwa: Bihamya muri Bukhari ko Khalid yafashe ibendera nyuma y'uko abayobozi bitanze kandi akitwa inkota mu nkozi z'Imana; ariko imyitozo irambuye n'umubare w'impinduka mu mirongo ni mu nkuru zitandukanye z'amateka.
Gutanga
Inkuru z'ubwitange buturuka ku byo umuntu akunda cyane, bigera ku bantu mu bwenge no mu mpuhwe.
Inkuru 6 — Igice Cya kabiri — Gutanga
Umutungo Yakundaga Cyane
Abu Talha Al-Ansari (Allah yamwishimire)
Abu Talha (Allah yamwishimire) yari afite ubusitani i Madina bwitwaga Birha, kandi bwari mu mitungo ye yakundaga cyane, hafi y’umusigiti, yakanywaga amazi meza kandi Intumwa y’Imana ﷺ yinjiragamo. Igihe ijambo rya Allah ryamanukaga rigira riti: ﴿Ntimuzagera ku bugiraneza kugeza igihe muzatanga mu byo mukunda.﴾ Abu Talha ntiyashakishije umutungo w’inyongera atitayeho, ahubwo yagiye ku Ntuma ﷺ maze avuga ko umutungo we akunda cyane ari Birha, kandi ko awugize isadaka yizeye inyungu zawo n’ibihembo byawo kwa Allah. Intumwa ﷺ yishimiye cyane uku gutanga, maze imugira inama yo kuwugabira abavandimwe be. Abu Talha yarabyemeye, maze umutungo uhinduka kuva ku kuba ikintu gikundwa cyane kugeza ku kuba inyungu igera ku bavandimwe kandi igafasha umuryango. Inkuru ivuga ko isadaka atari ukwikiza ibyasagutse gusa, ahubwo ni ukwihitiramo ikintu gifite agaciro mu mutima w’umuntu, hanyuma akagikora mu bwenge ku babikwiye.
Kuki bitureba uyu munsi? Agaciro ko gutanga ntigapimwa n’ingano yacyo gusa, ahubwo n’agaciro k’icyo twaretse n’ubwenge bwo kugera ku bantu.
Amakuru y'abaswahaba bavuzwe
- Abu Talha Al-Ansari, Imana imwishimire
Zayd ibn Sahl Al-Ansari wo mu muryango wa Bani Najjar, umwe mu bantu ba Badr na Uhud. Yari azwiho gutanga no kurwana, kandi Anas ibn Malik yamuvuzeho.
Inkomoko n'ubwiza bw'inkuru
Aho biherereye: Hayat As-Sahaba, Igice cya Kabiri, pp. 407–408, Igice cyitwa Gutanga
Aho byavuye: Sahih Al-Bukhari na Muslim bivuye kuri Anas (Allah yamwishimire)
Urwego rw'ubwanditsi: Byemejwe
Inkuru 15 — Igice Cya mbere — Gutanga
Ubucuruzi bwungutse, yewe Abu Yahya
Suhayb Ar-Rumi, Allah amwishimire
Suhayb Ar-Rumi, Allah amwishimire, yashakaga kwimukira i Madina, ariko Abakurayshi baramuhagarika bavuga ko yageze i Makka ari umukene hanyuma ubutunzi bwe bukaba bwarwiyongereyemo, kandi ko batamureka ngo agende wenyine n'ubutunzi bwe. Yabashije kubereka aho ubutunzi bwe buri kugira ngo bamureke agende, barabyemera, arababwira aho buri maze agenda yimukira ku ntumwa ﷺ. Ibitabo by'amateka byanditse ko Intumwa ﷺ yamwakiriye avuga ati: «Ubucuruzi bwungutse, yewe Abu Yahya», kandi ko byamanutse mu rwego rwo gutanga ubugingo n'ubutunzi mu gushaka kwishimirwa na Allah. Intego y'iyi nkuru si uguhimbaza ubukene, ahubwo ni ukugaragaza ko Suhayb yashyize ubwisanzure bwo kwimuka no kwemera imbere y'ubutunzi bushobora gusimburwa.
Kuki bitureba uyu munsi? Gutanga ntabwo buri gihe ari ibyo duha biturutse ku byo twasaguye; ahubwo bishobora kuba guhitamo kubushake ibyo tutemera ko amafaranga atubuza.
Amakuru y'abaswahaba bavuzwe
- Suhayb Al-Rumi, Imana imwishimire
Umwe mu bahindukiriye Isilamu mbere n'umwe mu bimukira i Madina. Yari azwiho gushikama no gutanga, kandi Umar yamushyizeho ngo ayobore abantu mu isengesho nyuma yo gukomereka kwe.
Inkomoko n'ubwiza bw'inkuru
Aho biherereye: حياة الصحابة, Igice cya mbere, p. 436, Umutwe w'Ukwimuka
Aho byavuye: البيهقي n'ibitabo by'amateka mu nkuru y'ukwimuka kwa Suhayb
Urwego rw'ubwanditsi: Inkuru y'amateka
Icyitonderwa: Imigani y'amagambo y'inkuru n'impamvu y'iyamanuka iratandukanye; ariko igisobanuro cyo kureka ubutunzi bwa Suhayb mu nzira y'ukwimuka kirazwi mu masoko y'amateka n'ibishishikariza.
Inkuru 18 — Igice Cya kabiri — Kugira Ubuntu
Umutende mu Ijuru n'Ubusitani ku Isi
Abū ad-Daḥdāḥ na Umm ad-Daḥdāḥ, Imana ibishimire
Inkuru zishishikariza zivuga ko umugabo yari afite umutende wabangamiraga umuturanyi we, maze Intumwa ﷺ imuha umutende mu Ijuru mu cyimbo cyo kuwureka, ariko ntiyabyemera. Iyo nkuru imaze kugera kuri Abū ad-Daḥdāḥ, yaguze uwo mutende ku nyirayo awuha ubusitani bwe, maze awuha umuntu wari uwukeneye, asubira iwe ahamagara umugore we ngo bave mu busitani kuko yari yabugurije Imana. Zimwe mu nkuru zigaragaza igisubizo cya Umm ad-Daḥdāḥ cy'ibyishimo n'ubwumvikane. Intego y'iyi nkuru ni ukugaragaza ubwira bwa Abū ad-Daḥdāḥ mu kwitabira, no kugaragaza ko urugo abagize barwo bahuriye ku kumenya icyo gutanga bisobanura rushobora guhindura umutungo ukundwa ukaba inyungu n'impuhwe.
Kuki bitureba uyu munsi? Iyo abagize urugo bumvikanye ku ntego, gutanga ntibiba igihombo ku muntu ku giti cye ahubwo biba icyemezo cyubaka ubusobanuro rusange.
Amakuru y'abaswahaba bavuzwe
- Abu al-Dahdah al-Ansari, Allah amwishimire
Umuhamya w'Abansari wamenyekanye kubera ubuntu bwe no gutanga mu nzira ya Allah. Inkuru y'ubusitani bwe igaragara mu nkuru zishishikariza gukora ibyiza, mu magambo n'ibisobanuro bitandukanye.
- Umm al-Dahdah, Allah amwishimire
Umuhamya w'Abansari. Zimwe mu nkuru z'ubusitani bwa Abu al-Dahdah zimuvuga, zikavuga ko yemeye gutanga. Izina rye ntirishimangirwa mu nzira zose z'inkuru.
Inkomoko n'ubwiza bw'inkuru
Aho biherereye: Ḥayāt aṣ-Ṣaḥābah, Igice cya Kabiri, pp. 413–414, Umutwe w'Ibyerekeye Gutanga
Aho byavuye: Musnad Aḥmad na al-Mustadrak li al-Ḥākim mu nkuru ya Abū ad-Daḥdāḥ
Urwego rw'ubwanditsi: Inkomoko ihamye n'ibisobanuro bitandukanye
Icyitonderwa: Inkuru yagiye ivugwa mu magambo n'ibisobanuro bitandukanye, kandi hari itandukaniro mu mazina y'umugore n'amagambo ye; bityo yanditswe hano hakurikijwe ubusobanuro buzwi cyane.
Inkuru 19 — Igice Cya kabiri — Gutanga
Gutegura Ingabo z'Ubunzima
Uthman ibn Affan, Allah amwishimire
Mu ntambara ya Tabuk, abantu bari mu bukene bw'amafaranga n'ibiribwa, Intumwa y'Imana ﷺ yahamagariye gutegura ingabo. Uthman ibn Affan, Allah amwishimire, yatanze byinshi mu gutegura ingabo z'Ubunzima, kandi inkuru zivuga imibare itandukanye y'ingamiya n'amadinari, ariko zose zihuriza ku bwinshi bw'ibyo yatanze no ku ishimwe ry'Intumwa y'Imana ﷺ kuri we. Iki gitambo ntabwo cyari amafaranga atandukanye n'ukuri kw'abantu; ahubwo cyari igisubizo ku cyifuzo cy'ingabo zitegura urugendo rurerure mu bihe by'ubukene. Niyo mpamvu iyi nkuru yagumyeho nk'urugero rw'uko umukire ashobora guhindura ubushobozi bwe inshingano rusange mu gihe cy'ubukene.
Kuki bitureba uyu munsi? Ubutunzi bubona agaciro kabwo ka kinyamwuga iyo buhindutse, mu gihe cy'ubukene, ubushobozi bufatika bugabanya umutwaro ku muryango.
Amakuru y'abaswahaba bavuzwe
- Uthman ibn Affan, Imana imwishimire
Khalif wa gatatu uyoboye neza kandi umwe mu bahindukiriye Isilamu mbere, yiswe Dhu Al-Nurayn kubera ko yashakanye n'abakobwa babiri b'Intumwa ﷺ. Yateguye ingabo za Al-Usra kandi akusanya abantu kuri Qur'an imwe mu gihe cy'ubuyobozi bwe.
Inkomoko n'ubwiza bw'inkuru
Aho biherereye: Hayat al-Sahaba, Igice cya Kabiri, p. 418, Umutwe w'Imfashanyo
Aho byavuye: Al-Tirmidhi, Ahmad, na Al-Hakim mu byiza bya Uthman no gutegura ingabo z'Ubunzima
Urwego rw'ubwanditsi: Byiza
Icyitonderwa: Inkuru zitandukanye ku kigero cy'ibyo Uthman yateguye no ku magambo yo kumushimira; icyemejwe muri rusange ni ubutwari bwe buhambaye mu gutegura ingabo z'Ubunzima.
Inkuru 20 — Igice Cya kabiri — Gutanga
Hagati y'Igice cy'Amafaranga n'Ayose
Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq, Allah amwishimire, na Umar ibn Al-Khattab, Allah amwishimire
Umar, Allah amwishimire, avuga ko umunsi umwe yategetswe gutanga imfashanyo, maze bikaba bihuje n'amafaranga yari afite, maze aribwira ko azasiga Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq, Allah amwishimire, niba hari umunsi yigeze amurusha. Yazanye igice cy'amafaranga ye, maze Intumwa y'Imana ﷺ imubaza iti: Ni iki wasigiye umuryango wawe? Ati: Bingana. Hanyuma Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq, Allah amwishimire, azana ibyo yari afite byose, maze abajijwe ibyo yasigiye umuryango we, ati: Nabasiye Imana n'Intumwa yayo. Umar yavuze ko icyo gihe yamenye ko atazigera asiga Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq, Allah amwishimire, mu kintu na kimwe. Inkuru igaragaza irushanwa ryiza nta rwango, ariko ntabwo irigira itegeko rusange ryo kubara; kuko buri muntu afite ibyo agomba gutanga ku bo ashinzwe n'inshingano ze zidashobora kwirengagizwa.
Kuki bitureba uyu munsi? Irushanwa ryiza ritera gukora ibyiza, ariko rigikeneye ubuhanga mu nshingano aho kugereranya gusa.
Amakuru y'abaswahaba bavuzwe
- Abu Bakr as-Siddiq, Allah amwishimire
Abdullah ibn Abi Quhafah, Kalifa wa mbere mu bakhalifa bayoboye neza kandi umwe mu babimburiye abandi kwinjira mu idini ya Isilamu. Yari inshuti y'Intumwa ﷺ mu kwimuka, kandi yayoboye ubukhalifa nyuma y'urupfu rwe.
- Umar ibn al-Khattab, Allah amwishimire
Kalifa wa kabiri mu bakhalifa bayoboye neza kandi umwe mu basahaba bakuru b'Intumwa ﷺ. Yitabiriye intambara, kandi ubwami bwaragutse mu gihe cy'ubuyobozi bwe, akaba yari azwiho ubutabera n'ubujyanama.
Inkomoko n'ubwiza bw'inkuru
Aho biherereye: Hayat al-Sahaba, Igice cya Kabiri, p. 398, Umutwe w'Imfashanyo
Aho byavuye: Sunan Abi Dawud na Jami' al-Tirmidhi kuri Umar, Allah amwishimire
Urwego rw'ubwanditsi: Byiza
Icyitonderwa: Al-Tirmidhi yashimye inkuru, kandi bamwe mu bamenyi bavuga kuri zimwe mu nzira zayo; ivugwa mu byiza bya Al-Siddiq ariko ntabwo igirwa itegeko rusange ryo gutanga amafaranga yose.
Inkuru 31 — Igice Cya kabiri — Ubugiraneza
Urugendo rw'ingamiya rwabaye impano
Abdurahman ibn Awf, Imana imwishimire
Abdurahman ibn Awf, Imana imwishimire, yari umwe mu bacuruzi bakomeye i Madina. Inkuru zivuga ko urugendo runini rw'ingamiya rwe rwari ruzanye ibiryo n'ibindi byinshi, maze abishyira mu nzira y'Imana abonye abantu babikeneye. Inkomoko zivuga izindi shusho z'ubugiraneza bwe bwinshi no gufasha abimukira, abantu ba Badr, n'abagore b'intumwa. Inkuru zitandukanye ku mubare w'ingamiya n'amafaranga, ntabwo hashobora kwemezwa umubare umwe; ariko guhurira kw'inkuru byerekana ko atigeze afata ubucuruzi nk'intego yihishe, ahubwo yahinduye igice kinini cyabwo kuba inyungu yagera no ku bandi.
Kuki bitureba uyu munsi? Ubugiraneza burambye ntibwitegura ibisigaye bidafite agaciro; ahubwo buhindura intsinzi ubwayo isoko igamije gufasha abantu.
Amakuru y'abaswahaba bavuzwe
- Abd Al-Rahman ibn Awf, Imana imwishimire
Umwe mu bantu icumi basezeranijwe Ijuru n'umwe mu bimukira ba mbere. Yari azwiho ubucuruzi no gutanga, kandi yari umwe mu bagize inama y'abantu batandatu.
Inkomoko n'ubwiza bw'inkuru
Aho biherereye: Hayat al-Sahaba, Igice cya kabiri, Umutwe wo gutanga mu nzira y'Imana n'impano za Abdurahman ibn Awf
Aho byavuye: Musnad Ahmad, al-Tabaqat al-Kubra ya Ibn Sa'd, n'ibitabo by'ubuzima bivuga ku gutanga kwa Abdurahman ibn Awf, Imana imwishimire
Urwego rw'ubwanditsi: Inkomoko ihamye n'ibisobanuro bitandukanye
Icyitonderwa: Gutanga kwinshi kwa Abdurahman, Imana imwishimire, bizwi cyane mu nkomoko z'ubuzima, ariko imibare y'ingamiya, ingano y'impano, n'amagambo y'inkuru zimwe na zimwe biratandukanye; kubera iyo mpamvu, inkuru ntiyubatswe ku mubare umwe.
Izindi ndangagaciro
Ibihe byerekana indangagaciro zo gukomera, ubuyobozi, kwihangana, gusenga n'umuco mu buzima bw'abaswahaba, Imana ibishimire.
Inkuru 1 — Igice Cya mbere — Ikiganiro
Icara wumve mbere
Mus'ab ibn Umayr, Usayd ibn Hudayr, Sa'd ibn Mu'adh
Mus'ab ibn Umayr, Allah amwishimire, yari yageze i Madina kwa As'ad ibn Zurarah, ahamagarira abantu kuri Islamu no kwigisha Qur'an abayemeye. Ibyo byageze kuri Usayd ibn Hudayr, wari umwe mu bakomeye mu bantu be icyo gihe, maze aza yarakaye afite icumu rye kugira ngo ahagarike iyo nama. Mus'ab ntiyamushotoye kandi ntiyamusubije iterabwoba, ahubwo yaramubwiye mu ituze ati: "Icara wumve, niba wemeye ikintu uzacyakira, niba utakikunze tuzakureka." Usayd yashyize icumu rye hasi aricara, maze Mus'ab amusomera Qur'an anamwemerera Islamu. Mu maso he harahindutse, maze abaza uburyo bwo kwinjira mu idini, hanyuma ajya ku bantu be maze yereka Sa'd ibn Mu'adh iyo nama; Sa'd na we araza, maze inama irangira bombi bemeye Islamu kandi hafunguka urugi runini rw'ubutumwa muri Bani Abd al-Ashhal.
Kuki bitureba uyu munsi? Kwemera ntibitangira no gucecekesha umwanzi, ahubwo ni ukumuha umutekano uhagije kugira ngo yumve kandi yumvishe.
Amakuru y'abaswahaba bavuzwe
- Mus'ab ibn Umayr, Allah amwishimire
Umwe mu babimburiye abandi kwinjira mu idini ya Isilamu. Intumwa ﷺ yamwohereje i Madina mbere y'uko yimuka, nk'umwarimu n'umubwiriza. Kwemera kwa bamwe mu bakuru b'Abansari ku maboko ye byagize uruhare rukomeye mu gutegura Madina.
- As'ad ibn Zurara, Allah amwishimire
Umwe mu Bansari ba mbere binjiye mu idini ya Isilamu, akaba n'umwe mu bakuru b'isezerano rya Aqaba. Mus'ab ibn Umayr yabanaga nawe i Madina mbere y'uko yimuka, maze apfa mu mwaka wa mbere w'iyimuka mbere y'intambara ya Badr.
- Usayd ibn Hudayr, Allah amwishimire
Umwe mu bakuru b'Abaws n'umwe mu bana ba Abd al-Ashhal, yinjiye mu idini ya Isilamu ku maboko ya Mus'ab ibn Umayr. Yitabiriye intambara hamwe n'Intumwa ﷺ, akaba yari azwiho ubuhanga no gusoma neza Qur'an.
- Sa'ad ibn Mu'adh, Allah amwishimire
Umukuru w'Abaws n'umuyobozi w'Abana ba Abd al-Ashhal, yinjiye mu idini ya Isilamu maze abantu be baramukurikira mu ntangiriro. Yitabiriye Badr, Uhud na Khandaq, maze apfa kubera ibikomere yagize nyuma ya Khandaq.
Inkomoko n'ubwiza bw'inkuru
Aho biherereye: Hayat al-Sahaba, Igice cya Mbere, pp. 219–220, Umutwe w'Ubutumwa
Aho byavuye: Sirat Ibn Ishaq kuva kuri Abdullah ibn Abi Bakr n'abandi
Urwego rw'ubwanditsi: Inkuru y'ubuzima
Icyitonderwa: Inkuru y'ubuzima izwi cyane; yerekanywe nk'inkuru y'ubuzima atari Hadith sahih yashyizwe hejuru.
Inkuru 2 — Igice Cya mbere — Gushikama
Urugendo nyuma y'umwaka w'itandukana
Umm Salama, Allah amwishimire
Igihe Abu Salama, Allah amwishimire, yiyemeje kwimukira i Madina, Umm Salama yagiye na we, ariko umuryango we wamubujije kugenda maze bamugarura i Makka. Hanyuma umuryango wa Abu Salama uraza maze bamwambura umwana we, maze ahura n'itandukana ry'umugabo, umwana n'igihugu. Yajyaga ajya buri gitondo i al-Abtah, akicara akarira kugeza nimugoroba, nta kindi yashoboraga gukora uretse kugeza ikirego cye kuri Allah. Nyuma y'umwaka umwe, umugabo umwe wo mu bana be yaramugiriye impuhwe, maze yemeza abantu be kumureka, hanyuma umuryango wa Abu Salama na wo uramugirira impuhwe maze bamusubiza umwana we. Nyuma yaho yagiye wenyine n'umwana we, maze ahura na Uthman ibn Talhah, maze amugeza mu mutekano kugeza asanze umugabo we i Madina. Uko niko gushikama kwe atari ijambo ry'akanya gato, ahubwo kwari kwihangana kure kwakurikiwe n'ibikorwa kugeza igihe kwimuka kwe kwuzuriye.
Kuki bitureba uyu munsi? Mu kubura no guhagarikwa ku gahato, umuntu akomeza icyerekezo cye binyuze mu kwihangana, gukora, no kwemera ubufasha bwizewe.
Amakuru y'abaswahaba bavuzwe
- Umm Salama, Allah amwishimire
Hind bint Abi Umayya, umwe mu bagore b'Intumwa ﷺ n'umwe mu bagore ba mbere bimutse. Yaranditse Hadith nyinshi, akaba yari azwiho ubwenge n'ubumenyi mu mategeko ya Isilamu.
- Abu Salama ibn Abd al-Asad, Allah amwishimire
Umwe mu babimburiye abandi kwinjira mu idini ya Isilamu akaba n'umugabo wa Umm Salama mbere y'Intumwa ﷺ. Yimukiye muri Habasha hanyuma i Madina, maze apfa kubera ibikomere yagize mu ntambara ya Uhud.
- Uthman ibn Talha, Allah amwishimire
Yari umwe mu bana ba Abd al-Dar, yinjiye mu idini ya Isilamu mbere yo kwigarurira Makka maze yimukira i Madina. Intumwa ﷺ yamuhaye ububasha bwo kurinda Kaaba ku munsi wo kwigarurira Makka mu bana ba Shayba.
Inkomoko n'ubwiza bw'inkuru
Aho biherereye: Hayat al-Sahaba, Igice cya Mbere, pp. 434–435, Umutwe w'Ukwimuka
Aho byavuye: Ibn Ishaq kuva kuri Umm Salama, Allah amwishimire
Urwego rw'ubwanditsi: Inkuru y'ubuzima
Inkuru 3 — Igice Cya mbere — Ubwigenge bw'umutimanama
Umwe ni Umwe
Bilal ibn Rabah, Allah amwishimire, na Abu Bakr As-Siddiq, Allah amwishimire
Bilal, Allah amwishimire, yari umunyantege nke i Makka, Umayya ibn Khalaf yaramubabazaga mu bushyuhe bwinshi, akamuryamisha ku musenyi ushyushye akamushyira ibuye rinini ku gatuza, akamusaba kureka Isilamu. Ntiyari afite imbaraga zo kwirinda ibyo bibazo, ariko yari afite ijambo batashoboraga kumwaka: «Umwe ni Umwe». Abu Bakr As-Siddiq, Allah amwishimire, yaramubonye, abona umuntu ubabazwa kubera ukwemera kwe, maze aganira na Umayya kugira ngo amugure. Abu Bakr As-Siddiq, Allah amwishimire, ntiyagarukiye ku kumwamagana, ahubwo yatanze amafaranga maze akiza Bilal hanyuma aramurekura kubera Allah. Bilal nyuma yaho yabaye muadhini w'Intumwa y'Imana ﷺ, kandi ijambo yavuze munsi y'ibuye ryagumye ari ikimenyetso cyerekana ko intege nke z'umubiri zidatuma umutimanama ugwa.
Kuki bitureba uyu munsi? Ubwigenge bw'imyemerere burindwa no guhangana n'ihohoterwa no gushyigikirwa n'abashoboye ku barengana.
Amakuru y'abaswahaba bavuzwe
- Bilal ibn Rabah, Allah amwishimire
Umwe mu babimburiye abandi kwinjira mu idini ya Isilamu, yarababajwe i Makka hanyuma Abu Bakr as-Siddiq, Allah amwishimire, aramubohora. Intumwa ﷺ yamuhisemo kuba umu-mu'adhin, kandi yitabiriye intambara hamwe nawe.
- Abu Bakr as-Siddiq, Allah amwishimire
Abdullah ibn Abi Quhafah, Kalifa wa mbere mu bakhalifa bayoboye neza kandi umwe mu babimburiye abandi kwinjira mu idini ya Isilamu. Yari inshuti y'Intumwa ﷺ mu kwimuka, kandi yayoboye ubukhalifa nyuma y'urupfu rwe.
Inkomoko n'ubwiza bw'inkuru
Aho biherereye: Hayat As-Sahaba, Igice cya Mbere, pp. 347–348, Umutwe wo Kwihanganira Ibigeragezo
Aho byavuye: Inkuru za Ibn Ishaq na Abu Nu'aym muri Al-Hilyah
Urwego rw'ubwanditsi: Inkuru y'ubuzima
Icyitonderwa: Uburyo bumwe na bumwe bw'inkuru buratandukanye; ariko igice nyamukuru cyo kubabazwa kwa Bilal, kwihangana kwe, no kurekurwa kwe na Abu Bakr As-Siddiq, Allah amwishimire, birazwi kandi birahamye.
Inkuru 4 — Igice Cya mbere — Serivisi rusange
Umugabo udakwiye kwirukanwa
Abu Bakr As-Siddiq, Allah amwishimire, na Ibn Ad-Daghinnah
Igihe Abakurayshi bakomezaga kumubabaza, Abu Bakr As-Siddiq, Allah amwishimire, yagiye ashaka kujya mu gihugu cya Habasha, ageze i Birk Al-Ghimad, ahura na Ibn Ad-Daghinnah aramubaza aho ajya. Igihe yamenyaga ko yirukanwe mu gihugu cye, yaramubwiye ko umuntu nka we adakwiye kwirukanwa cyangwa ngo yirukanwe; kuko atanga ibyo abandi babuze, akunga abavandimwe, agafasha abanyantege nke, akakira abashyitsi, kandi agafasha mu bibazo by'ukuri. Yaramusubije i Makka mu bwishingizi bwe, kandi yamushuhuje izo mico imbere y'Abakurayshi, maze bemera ko Abu Bakr As-Siddiq, Allah amwishimire, abaho mu bwishingizi bwe. Ariko bashyizeho amategeko ko atagomba kuvuga cyane mu gusoma no gusenga kubera ubwoba ko abantu bashobora kugira ingaruka, hanyuma baramurambirwa no mu bwishingizi bwe, maze Abu Bakr As-Siddiq, Allah amwishimire, ahitamo kureka ubwishingizi bwa Ibn Ad-Daghinnah no gukomeza gusenga Nyagasani we mu bwishingizi bwa Allah wenyine. Iyi nkuru igaragaza uburyo ubuzima rusange bushobora kuba ubuhamya ku muntu, n'uburyo ihame riguma rirenze umutekano ushingiye ku mategeko.
Kuki bitureba uyu munsi? Ubwirwanaho bukomeye ku muntu bushobora kuba ingaruka yasize mu buzima bw'abaturanyi be mbere y'uko akeneye ubwirwanaho bwabo.
Amakuru y'abaswahaba bavuzwe
- Abu Bakr as-Siddiq, Allah amwishimire
Abdullah ibn Abi Quhafah, Kalifa wa mbere mu bakhalifa bayoboye neza kandi umwe mu babimburiye abandi kwinjira mu idini ya Isilamu. Yari inshuti y'Intumwa ﷺ mu kwimuka, kandi yayoboye ubukhalifa nyuma y'urupfu rwe.
Inkomoko n'ubwiza bw'inkuru
Aho biherereye: Hayat As-Sahaba, Igice cya Mbere, pp. 339–340, Umutwe wo Kwihanganira Ibigeragezo
Aho byavuye: Sahih Al-Bukhari ivuga kuri Aisha, Allah amwishimire
Urwego rw'ubwanditsi: Byemewe
Inkuru 5 — Igice Cya kabiri — Ubuyobozi mu Bihe by'Ibibazo
Uko Agahinda Kashubije Abantu ku Kuri
Abu Bakr As-Siddiq (Allah yamwishimire) na Umar ibn Al-Khattab (Allah yamwishimire)
Igihe Intumwa y’Imana ﷺ yapfaga, inkuru yageze ku Basahaba mu buryo bubakomereye cyane, kugeza ubwo Umar (Allah yamwishimire) atemeye ko Intumwa yapfuye, maze ahaguruka avugana n’abantu afite amarangamutima y’igihombo. Abu Bakr As-Siddiq (Allah yamwishimire) yinjira aho Intumwa y’Imana ﷺ yari iri, aramusoma hagati y’amaso maze aravuga ati: “Wari mwiza uriho ndetse n’upfuye.” Hanyuma asohokera ku bantu, ntiyirengagiza agahinda kabo, ahubwo yabagaruye ku nkomoko y’imyizerere. Yasomye ijambo rya Allah rigira riti: ﴿Kandi Muhammad nta kindi ari cyo uretse kuba Intumwa, kandi Intumwa nyinshi zamubanjirije zarapfuye.﴾ Hanyuma aravuga ati: “Uwari usengera Muhammad, Muhammad yapfuye, naho uwari usengera Allah, Allah ni muzima ntapfa.” Ubukana bw’igitangaza bwagabanutse imbere y’ubusobanuro bw’aya magambo, maze Umar aravuga ko ibirenge bye bitamushoboye igihe yayumvaga. Ijambo rya Abu Bakr As-Siddiq (Allah yamwishimire) ntabwo ryari iryo guhakana urukundo, ahubwo ryari iryo kurinda Ubumwe bw’Imana no kurinda ubushobozi bw’umuryango bwo gukora inshingano zawo nyuma y’igihombo gikomeye.
Kuki bitureba uyu munsi? Ubuyobozi mu gihe cy’igihombo ntibuhakana agahinda; ahubwo bubuza agahinda kubangamira ukuri n’inshingano.
Amakuru y'abaswahaba bavuzwe
- Abu Bakr as-Siddiq, Allah amwishimire
Abdullah ibn Abi Quhafah, Kalifa wa mbere mu bakhalifa bayoboye neza kandi umwe mu babimburiye abandi kwinjira mu idini ya Isilamu. Yari inshuti y'Intumwa ﷺ mu kwimuka, kandi yayoboye ubukhalifa nyuma y'urupfu rwe.
- Umar ibn al-Khattab, Allah amwishimire
Kalifa wa kabiri mu bakhalifa bayoboye neza kandi umwe mu basahaba bakuru b'Intumwa ﷺ. Yitabiriye intambara, kandi ubwami bwaragutse mu gihe cy'ubuyobozi bwe, akaba yari azwiho ubutabera n'ubujyanama.
Inkomoko n'ubwiza bw'inkuru
Aho biherereye: Hayat As-Sahaba, Igice cya Kabiri, pp. 44–45, Igice cyitwa Ijambo Rimwe
Aho byavuye: Sahih Al-Bukhari, kandi ifite ibimenyetso by’ukuri bivuye kuri Aisha na Ibn Abbas
Urwego rw'ubwanditsi: Byemejwe
Inkuru 7 — Igice Cya kabiri — Umurimo n'Icyubahiro
Imbuto ku Mutwe We
Asima bint Abi Bakar, Allah amwishimire
Asima bint Abi Bakar, Allah amwishimire, avuga bimwe mu bitangiriro by'urugo rwe na Az-Zubayr, Allah amwishimire; icyo gihe ntiyari afite umutungo cyangwa umugaragu usibye ifarashi ye. Yagaburiraga ifarashi, akayinywesha, agasudira ikibindi cyayo, agakangura, agasya imbuto z'imikindo z'ingamiya yabo, hanyuma akikorera izo mbuto z'imikindo avanye ku butaka bwa Az-Zubayr buri kure, azishyize ku mutwe we. Umunsi umwe, ubwo yari agarutse, Intumwa y'Imana ﷺ yaramuhuyeho n'abantu bamwe mu basahaba be, maze imusaba ko yagenda inyuma ye, ariko yagize isoni zo kugendana n'abagabo kandi yibuka ishyari rya Az-Zubayr, nuko akomeza yikoreye ibyo yari afite. Asima ntiyatanze iyi nkuru kugira ngo yerekane ishusho nziza idafite umunaniro, ahubwo yasobanuye umurimo uko wari uri: imbaraga za buri munsi mu rugo rufite umutungo muke, hamwe n'isoni, icyubahiro, n'ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira inshingano. Kubera iyo mpamvu, iyi nkuru iduha isura y'amateka y'umuryango itagaragara mu nkuru z'intambara n'ibyemezo gusa.
Kuki bitureba uyu munsi? Amateka ntabwo akorwa n'abanyamihanda gusa; akorwa kandi n'imirimo ya buri munsi ituje yubaka ingo.
Amakuru y'abaswahaba bavuzwe
- Asma bint Abi Bakr, Imana imwishimire
Nyir'imikandara ibiri, umwe mu bakobwa ba mbere bahindukiriye Isilamu n'umukobwa wa Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq, Imana imwishimire. Yagize uruhare rukomeye mu gutegura Hijra, kandi yavuze Hadith n'inkuru z'ubuzima bwa Prorok.
- Al-Zubayr ibn Al-Awwam, Imana imwishimire
Umwe mu bantu icumi basezeranijwe Ijuru n'umwe mu Basilamu ba mbere, kandi ni umuhungu wa nyirasenge w'Intumwa ﷺ. Yitabiriye intambara kandi yari umwe mu bagize inama y'abantu batandatu.
Inkomoko n'ubwiza bw'inkuru
Aho biherereye: Hayat as-Sahabah, Igice cya Kabiri, pp. 517–518, Igice cy'Imyitwarire n'Ubwuzure
Aho byavuye: Sahih Al-Bukhari na Muslim bivuye kuri Asima, Allah amwishimire
Urwego rw'ubwanditsi: Sahih
Inkuru 9 — Igice Cya gatatu — Kwicisha bugufi imbere yo gusubiramo
Ntabwo buri gutinda ari ugutsindwa
Umar ibn al-Khattab (Allah amwishimire) na Abu Bakr as-Siddiq (Allah amwishimire)
I Hudaybiya, Umar ibn al-Khattab (Allah amwishimire) yabonye amasezerano y'amahoro aremereye Abayisilamu, maze ubushake bwe bwo kurinda idini buramunesha, abaza Intumwa ﷺ mu buryo bweruye ati: "Ese ntituri ku kuri? Ese bo ntibari ku kibi? None kuki twakwemera kwicisha bugufi mu idini ryacu?" Ikibazo cye ntabwo cyari ukurwanya ihishurwa, ahubwo yashakaga kumva uburyo isezerano ryo gutsinda rihura n'ubu bwicishabugufi bugaragara. Hanyuma yagiye kwa Abu Bakr as-Siddiq (Allah amwishimire) amubaza ibibazo bimwe, maze Abu Bakr as-Siddiq (Allah amwishimire) aramubwira ati: "Guma ku murongo we, kuko ari ku kuri." Umar yaje gusubiramo ibitekerezo bye nyuma yaho, kugeza ubwo yavugaga ko yakoze ibikorwa kubera ubwoba bw'ingaruka z'amagambo ye. Hanyuma Allah yerekanye ko ayo masezerano yari intsinzi, maze Abayisilamu binjira i Makka amahoro nyuma yayo. Iyi nkuru irinda uburenganzira bw'umwemera bwo kubaza, kandi icyarimwe ikamwigisha uburere bwo gusubira inyuma iyo ubwenge bugaragaye.
Kuki bitureba uyu munsi? Ubutwari ntabwo ari ukutabaza; ahubwo ni ukubaza mu buryo bwiza, hanyuma tugasubiramo imanza zacu iyo tubonye ishusho nini.
Amakuru y'abaswahaba bavuzwe
- Umar ibn al-Khattab, Allah amwishimire
Kalifa wa kabiri mu bakhalifa bayoboye neza kandi umwe mu basahaba bakuru b'Intumwa ﷺ. Yitabiriye intambara, kandi ubwami bwaragutse mu gihe cy'ubuyobozi bwe, akaba yari azwiho ubutabera n'ubujyanama.
- Abu Bakr as-Siddiq, Allah amwishimire
Abdullah ibn Abi Quhafah, Kalifa wa mbere mu bakhalifa bayoboye neza kandi umwe mu babimburiye abandi kwinjira mu idini ya Isilamu. Yari inshuti y'Intumwa ﷺ mu kwimuka, kandi yayoboye ubukhalifa nyuma y'urupfu rwe.
Inkomoko n'ubwiza bw'inkuru
Aho biherereye: Hayat as-Sahaba, Igice cya Gatatu, pp. 19–20, Umutwe w'Imana mu Byihishwe
Aho byavuye: Sahih al-Bukhari mu nkuru y'amahoro ya Hudaybiya
Urwego rw'ubwanditsi: Sahih
Inkuru 10 — Igice Cya gatatu — Kwihangana gukora
Ibyo birenze umwanya ukomeye
Khabab ibn al-Aratt (Allah amwishimire)
Khabab ibn al-Aratt (Allah amwishimire) yari umwe mu ba mbere bababajwe i Makka, maze ubwo ibigeragezo byakomezaga, yaje kwa Intumwa ﷺ yishingikirije ku mwenda we mu gicucu cya Kaaba, asaba gusenga no gutsinda, abaza ati: "Ese ntabwo udufasha? Ese ntabwo usengera Allah kuturinda?" Intumwa ﷺ ntabwo yamucyashye kubera ububabare bwe, ahubwo yamwibukije ko abemera mbere yabo basokojwaga n'isukuma ry'ibyuma kugeza ku magufwa yabo, kandi bagatanywa kabiri, ariko ibyo ntibyababuza idini ryabo. Hanyuma yamubwiye ko Allah azasohoza ibi kugeza ubwo umugenzi azagenda ava Sana'a ajya Hadramawt atinya Allah gusa n'impisi ku ntama ze, kandi yavuze ko bari kwihutira. Igisubizo cyari isezerano n'icyerekezo, ntabwo ari ukwanga ububabare cyangwa kurenganura akarengane; gutegereza hano ni ukwihangana mu nzira hamwe no kugumana ukwizera no gukora, ntabwo ari ukwiyegurira ibiriho.
Kuki bitureba uyu munsi? Ibyiringiro ntibihakana ububabare bwihuse, ariko bibuza ubwoba gutegeka ejo hazaza.
Amakuru y'abaswahaba bavuzwe
- Khabbab ibn al-Aratt, Allah amwishimire
Umwe mu ba mbere bakiriye Isilamu n'abanyantege nke bakorewe iyicarubozo i Makka. Yitabiriye intambara ya Badr n'izayikurikiye kandi yaranditse Hadith.
Inkomoko n'ubwiza bw'inkuru
Aho biherereye: Hayat as-Sahaba, Igice cya Gatatu, pp. 11–12, Umutwe w'Ubukuru bw'Imana
Aho byavuye: Sahih al-Bukhari kuri Khabab (Allah amwishimire)
Urwego rw'ubwanditsi: Sahih
Inkuru 11 — Igice Cya gatatu — Gusenga
Ha buri wese uburenganzira bwe
Salman Al-Farisi na Abu Ad-Darda, Allah akabishimira
Intumwa y'Imana ﷺ yashyizeho ubuvandimwe hagati ya Salman Al-Farisi na Abu Ad-Darda, Allah akabishimira. Umunsi umwe, Salman yasuye Abu Ad-Darda, maze abona Ummu Ad-Darda yambaye imyenda itameze neza. Aramubaza uko amerewe, maze avuga ko Abu Ad-Darda nta cyo akeneye ku isi. Abu Ad-Darda yateguriye umushyitsi we ibiryo maze avuga ko yari yiyirije ubusa. Salman yanze kurya kugeza igihe Abu Ad-Darda aryanye nawe, maze Abu Ad-Darda ararya. Hanyuma, igihe ijoro ryageze, Abu Ad-Darda yarahagurutse ngo asenge, maze Salman aramubwira ati: "Sinzira," maze arasinzira. Yagerageje kongera guhaguruka, maze Salman amutegeka gusinzira, kugeza igihe ijoro ryegereje kurangira, maze aramubwira ati: "Haguruka ubu," maze barasenga. Hanyuma Salman aramubwira ati: "Mu by'ukuri, Umuremyi wawe afite uburenganzira kuri wowe, nawe ubwawe ufite uburenganzira kuri wowe, n'umuryango wawe ufite uburenganzira kuri wowe; bityo, ha buri wese uburenganzira bwe." Igihe ibyo byavuzwe ku ntumwa y'Imana ﷺ, yavuze ati: "Salman yavuze ukuri." Iyi nkuru ntabwo igabanya agaciro ko gusenga nijoro, ahubwo ishyira gusenga mu kigero kiburizamo ko umwete uhinduka kwirengagiza uburenganzira bw'umubiri n'umuryango.
Kuki bitureba uyu munsi? Gusenga ntikubakwa ku kwirengagiza umubiri cyangwa umuryango; ukuzura kwako kuri mu kigero gihuza uburenganzira bw'Imana n'uburenganzira bw'abantu.
Amakuru y'abaswahaba bavuzwe
- Salman al-Farisi, Allah amwishimire
Umuhamya waturutse muri Peresi ashaka ukuri kugeza ahuye n'Intumwa ﷺ. Yashyizeho igitekerezo cyo gucukura umuferege, kandi yamenyekanye kubera ubumenyi bwe n'ubuzima bwe bw'ubutwari.
- Abu al-Darda, Allah amwishimire
Uwaymir al-Ansari, umwe mu bahamya b'Intumwa ﷺ n'abantu b'ubumenyi n'ubusenga. Yagumye i Sham mu gihe cy'ubutegetsi bwa Umar na Uthman kandi yigisha abantu baho.
- Umm ad-Darda Khayrah bint Abi Hadrad, Allah amwishimire
Umunyamuryango w'abagore n'umugore wa Abu ad-Darda, yariho mu gihe cy'Intumwa ﷺ kandi yandika ibyavuye kuri we. Ni Umm ad-Darda Mukuru, atari Umm ad-Darda Mutoya, umuyoboke uzwi cyane mu bumenyi.
Inkomoko n'ubwiza bw'inkuru
Aho biherereye: Hayat As-Sahaba, Igice cya Gatatu, pp. 516–517, aho ibyabaye hagati ya Salman na Abu Ad-Darda byavuzwe
Aho byavuye: Sahih Al-Bukhari kuri Abu Juhaifa, Allah akamwishimira
Urwego rw'ubwanditsi: Sahih
Inkuru 23 — Igice Cya gatatu — Umutima Ukeye
Igikorwa Cyihishe: Umutima Utarimo Uburiganya
Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-Aas (Allah amwishimire) n'umugabo w'Umwansari
Bivugwa ko Intumwa ﷺ yabwiye abagenzi be mu minsi itatu ko umugabo w'Umwansari azabagaragarira kandi ko ari umwe mu bantu bo mu Ijuru. Abdullah ibn Amr yashakaga kumenya igikorwa cye, bityo amusaba kumucumbikira iminsi itatu, ariko ntiyamubonaho ubwinshi bw'ibikorwa byo gusenga birenze ibisanzwe, usibye ko ataryamaga atavuze Allah. Igihe yamubwiraga impamvu yo kumucumbikira, uwo mugabo yavuze ko nta buriganya abona mu mutima we kuri umwe mu bayisilamu kandi ko atagirira ishyari umuntu ku byo Allah yamuhaye. Abdullah yagize ati: Ibi nibyo byakugejeje kuri urwo rwego. Inkuru ikurura ibitekerezo ku gikorwa cyihishe cy'umutima abantu batabona mu buryo busanzwe, mu gihe urwego rwayo rwa Hadith ruguma ari urwo kwitondera.
Kuki bitureba uyu munsi? Imico myiza abantu batabona, nko kureka ishyari n'uburiganya, ishobora kuba ifite uburemere bukabije mu kubaka umuntu kurusha ibikorwa abandi bashimira.
Amakuru y'abaswahaba bavuzwe
- Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-As, Allah abishimire bombi
Umuhamya wari waranditse inkuru nyinshi, wamenyekanye kubera gusenga kwe no kwandika Hadith ku ruhushya rw'Intumwa ﷺ. Yari umwe mu banyamategeko b'Abahamya n'abantu b'ubumenyi.
Inkomoko n'ubwiza bw'inkuru
Aho biherereye: Hayat as-Sahabah, Igice cya Gatatu, pp. 159–160, Umutwe w'Umutima Ukeye
Aho byavuye: Musnad Ahmad na As-Sunan al-Kubra ya An-Nasa'i bivuye kuri Anas (Allah amwishimire)
Urwego rw'ubwanditsi: Uruhererekane rw'abavuga inkuru ruravuguruzanya
Icyitonderwa: Bamwe mu bamenyi b'idini bemeje cyangwa bashimishije zimwe mu nzira zayo, kandi hari ibivugwa ku ruhererekane rw'abavuga inkuru; kubw'ibyo, ivugwa mu byiza by'ibikorwa ariko hifashishijwe ubwitonzi, kandi umugabo w'Umwansari ntabwo yashyizweho izina mu nkuru.
Inkuru 30 — Igice Cya kabiri — Ubwiyoroshye
Ese sinakwiyumvisha umuntu abamalayika bakwiyumvisha?
Uthman ibn Affan, Allah amwishimire
Intumwa ﷺ yari yaryamye mu rugo rwe, igice cy'amaguru ye cyangwa amaboko ye cyari cyagaragaye. Abu Bakr na Umar, Allah abishimire bombi, basabye kwinjira, arabemerera akiri muri ubwo buryo. Igihe Uthman, Allah amwishimire, yasabye kwinjira, Intumwa ya Allah ﷺ yicaye iratunganya imyenda ye. Aisha, Allah amwishimire, yamubajije impamvu yo kumwakira atandukanye, maze aravuga ati: «Ese sinakwiyumvisha umuntu abamalayika bakwiyumvisha?» Iyi nkuru ntiyerekana isoni nk'ubugwari cyangwa intege nke; ahubwo yemeza ko Uthman yari afite imico myiza Intumwa ﷺ yitayeho.
Kuki bitureba uyu munsi? Kwitondera imico myiza y'abantu ni uburyo bwiza bwo kugirana ubucuti; kuko icyubahiro cyita ku bwumvikane bw'undi kandi ntikibuseke.
Amakuru y'abaswahaba bavuzwe
- Uthman ibn Affan, Imana imwishimire
Khalif wa gatatu uyoboye neza kandi umwe mu bahindukiriye Isilamu mbere, yiswe Dhu Al-Nurayn kubera ko yashakanye n'abakobwa babiri b'Intumwa ﷺ. Yateguye ingabo za Al-Usra kandi akusanya abantu kuri Qur'an imwe mu gihe cy'ubuyobozi bwe.
- Abu Bakr as-Siddiq, Allah amwishimire
Abdullah ibn Abi Quhafah, Kalifa wa mbere mu bakhalifa bayoboye neza kandi umwe mu babimburiye abandi kwinjira mu idini ya Isilamu. Yari inshuti y'Intumwa ﷺ mu kwimuka, kandi yayoboye ubukhalifa nyuma y'urupfu rwe.
- Umar ibn al-Khattab, Allah amwishimire
Kalifa wa kabiri mu bakhalifa bayoboye neza kandi umwe mu basahaba bakuru b'Intumwa ﷺ. Yitabiriye intambara, kandi ubwami bwaragutse mu gihe cy'ubuyobozi bwe, akaba yari azwiho ubutabera n'ubujyanama.
- Aisha bint Abi Bakr, Allah amwishimire
Nyina w'Abemera n'umugore w'Intumwa ﷺ n'umukobwa wa Abu Bakr as-Siddiq, Allah amwishimire. Yari umwe mu basahaba bafite ubumenyi bwinshi, kandi yandika hadith y'isoni za Uthman n'izindi nyigisho z'Intumwa ﷺ.
Inkomoko n'ubwiza bw'inkuru
Aho biherereye: Hayat Al-Sahaba, Igice cya kabiri, Umutwe w'ubutore bwa Uthman n'isoni ze
Aho byavuye: Sahih Muslim, kuva kuri Aisha, Allah amwishimire
Urwego rw'ubwanditsi: Sahih
Inkuru 33 — Igice Cya gatatu — Ubutwari
Umurashi wa mbere n'ishimwe ry'Intumwa
Saad ibn Abi Waqqas, Allah amwishimire
Saad ibn Abi Waqqas, Allah amwishimire, yari azwiho kuba uwambere mu kurasa, kandi byavuzwe ko ariwe warashe umwambi wa mbere mu nzira ya Allah. Byemejwe muri Sahihayn ko Intumwa ﷺ yamuhaga imyambi ku munsi wa Uhud ikamubwira ati: «Rasa, data na mama bakwitangire». Izi nkuru zombi zigaragaza ubuhanga bwa Saad n'icyubahiro cye, ariko ntibisobanura ko umwambi wa mbere n'ishimwe ryo kuri Uhud byabaye icyarimwe; niyo mpamvu inkuru ibika buri kintu mu buryo bwacyo, ikagaragaza uburyo ubuhanga bwiyongera binyuze mu gutangira no mu gushyigikirwa.
Kuki bitureba uyu munsi? Ubuhanga bwubakwa binyuze mu kwitoza hakiri kare, kandi umuyobozi abwongerera imbaraga iyo abona ubuhanga akabushyigikira mu buryo bugaragara.
Amakuru y'abaswahaba bavuzwe
- Saad ibn Abi Waqqas, Allah amwishimire
Umwe mu ba mbere bahindukiriye Islamu n'umwe mu icumi basezeranijwe Ijuru, kandi umwe mu barashi beza mu basahaba. Yayoboye ifatwa rya Iraki, kandi yari umwe mu bagize inama y'abantu batandatu.
Inkomoko n'ubwiza bw'inkuru
Aho biherereye: Hayat al-Sahabah, Igice cya Gatatu, Igice cy'Intambara n'Uburasi
Aho byavuye: Sahih al-Bukhari ku mwambi wa mbere, na Sahih al-Bukhari na Muslim ku magambo ya ﷺ kuri Saad ku munsi wa Uhud: Rasa, data na mama bakwitangire
Urwego rw'ubwanditsi: Byemewe
Icyitonderwa: Umwambi wa mbere n'ishimwe ry'Intumwa ﷺ byemezwa mu nkuru zizewe, ariko ni ibintu bibiri bitandukanye mu nkuru; ntibyashyizwe hamwe hano mu gihe kimwe.
Inkuru 34 — Igice Cya gatatu — Ubutwari
Ubuhamya ku bantu icumi no kurengera abagenzi
Saeed ibn Zayd, Allah amwishimire
Igihe umugabo yavugaga nabi Ali ibn Abi Talib, Allah amwishimire, imbere ya Saeed ibn Zayd, Allah amwishimire, Saeed yarabyanze maze amwibutsa ibyo yumvise Intumwa ya Allah ﷺ ivuga ku cyubahiro cy'itsinda ry'abagenzi be. Yavuze Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, Ali, Talhah, al-Zubayr, Saad, Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf, na Abu Ubaydah, maze avuga ko ariwe wa cumi, anavuga inkuru y'uko basezeranyijwe ijuru. Uko yabyitwayemo kwari ukurengera gushingiye ku byo yibukaga, atari ubuhezanguni buhumye, kandi yabigaragaje mu buryo bwari bukenewe kugira ngo asubize ibitutsi.
Kuki bitureba uyu munsi? Ni ubutwari gusubiza ibinyoma ukoresheje ukuri kwizewe, hatariho guhindura ibyiza intandaro y'amakimbirane mashya.
Amakuru y'abaswahaba bavuzwe
- Saeed ibn Zayd, Allah amwishimire
Umwe mu ba mbere bahindukiriye Islamu n'umwe mu icumi basezeranijwe Ijuru, kandi ni umuhungu wa Zayd ibn Amr ibn Nufayl. Yitabiriye intambara zose nyuma ya Badr, kandi yari azwiho kwirinda gushaka ubuyobozi.
- Abu Bakr as-Siddiq, Allah amwishimire
Abdullah ibn Abi Quhafah, Kalifa wa mbere mu bakhalifa bayoboye neza kandi umwe mu babimburiye abandi kwinjira mu idini ya Isilamu. Yari inshuti y'Intumwa ﷺ mu kwimuka, kandi yayoboye ubukhalifa nyuma y'urupfu rwe.
- Umar ibn al-Khattab, Allah amwishimire
Kalifa wa kabiri mu bakhalifa bayoboye neza kandi umwe mu basahaba bakuru b'Intumwa ﷺ. Yitabiriye intambara, kandi ubwami bwaragutse mu gihe cy'ubuyobozi bwe, akaba yari azwiho ubutabera n'ubujyanama.
- Uthman ibn Affan, Imana imwishimire
Khalif wa gatatu uyoboye neza kandi umwe mu bahindukiriye Isilamu mbere, yiswe Dhu Al-Nurayn kubera ko yashakanye n'abakobwa babiri b'Intumwa ﷺ. Yateguye ingabo za Al-Usra kandi akusanya abantu kuri Qur'an imwe mu gihe cy'ubuyobozi bwe.
- Ali ibn Abi Talib, Allah amwishimire
Mubyara w'Intumwa ﷺ n'umugabo wa Fatima, Allah amwishimire, umwe mu ba mbere bahindukiriye Islamu n'uwa kane mu Bakhalifa bayobowe neza. Yitabiriye intambara zose usibye Tabuk, igihe Intumwa ﷺ yamushyiragaho kuba umuyobozi wa Madina.
- Talha ibn Ubayd Allah, Allah amwishimire
Umwe mu ba mbere bahindukiriye Islamu n'umwe mu icumi basezeranijwe Ijuru. Yitabiriye Uhud kandi arwanira Intumwa ﷺ, kandi yari umwe mu bagize inama y'abantu batandatu.
- Al-Zubayr ibn Al-Awwam, Imana imwishimire
Umwe mu bantu icumi basezeranijwe Ijuru n'umwe mu Basilamu ba mbere, kandi ni umuhungu wa nyirasenge w'Intumwa ﷺ. Yitabiriye intambara kandi yari umwe mu bagize inama y'abantu batandatu.
- Saad ibn Abi Waqqas, Allah amwishimire
Umwe mu ba mbere bahindukiriye Islamu n'umwe mu icumi basezeranijwe Ijuru, kandi umwe mu barashi beza mu basahaba. Yayoboye ifatwa rya Iraki, kandi yari umwe mu bagize inama y'abantu batandatu.
- Abd Al-Rahman ibn Awf, Imana imwishimire
Umwe mu bantu icumi basezeranijwe Ijuru n'umwe mu bimukira ba mbere. Yari azwiho ubucuruzi no gutanga, kandi yari umwe mu bagize inama y'abantu batandatu.
- Abu Ubayda Amir ibn al-Jarrah, Allah amwishimire
Umwe mu ba mbere bahindukiriye Islamu n'umwe mu icumi basezeranijwe Ijuru, kandi Intumwa ﷺ yamwise umurinzi w'iyi Ummah. Yayoboye ingabo mu Sham kandi apfira mu cyorezo cya Amwas.
Inkomoko n'ubwiza bw'inkuru
Aho biherereye: Hayat al-Sahabah, Igice cya Gatatu, Igice cy'Ibyiza by'Abagenzi no Kubika Ururimi
Aho byavuye: Sunan Abi Dawud, Jami' al-Tirmidhi, na Musnad Ahmad kuri Saeed ibn Zayd, Allah amwishimire
Urwego rw'ubwanditsi: Byiza
Icyitonderwa: Hadith y'abantu icumi ni nziza bitewe n'inzira zayo zose, kandi amagambo y'inkuru n'imiterere y'inama n'abavuganye biratandukanye; niyo mpamvu igaragarizwa gusa ku kintu nyamukuru cyo kwanga kwa Saeed no kuvuga kwe ibyiza.
Ibice bitatu
Igice cya Mbere
Ubutumwa no Kubaka Umuryango
- Ubutumwa kuri Allah
- Kuganduka no Kuba Indahemuka
- Kwihanganira Ibikomeye
- Kwimuka
- Gufasha no Gutanga Ubuhungiro
- Jihad no Gutanga
Igice cya Kabiri
Ubumwe bw'Imirongo no Kuzamura Ubuzima
- Ubumwe bw'Ijambo
- Gutanga mu Nzira ya Allah
- Kurwanya Irari
- Imico n'Imyitwarire
- Kugisha Inama Hagati yabo
Igice cya Gatatu
Ukwemera, Gusenga n'Ubumenyi
- Kwemera Ibitagaragara
- Gukorana mu Isengesho
- Ubumenyi n'Ubwibutso
- Gusenga
- Inyigisho n'Inama
- Inkunga z'Ibitagaragara n'Impamvu zo Gutsinda
Ubugingo bw'Abaswahaba, Imana ibishimire
Sheikh Muhammad Yusuf Al-Kandahlawi — Ibice bya mbere, icya kabiri n'icya gatatu — Ubwandiko bushya bwavuguruwe
Byakusanyijwe, bitunganywa kandi bisobanurwa na Muhammad Ilyas Al-Barabankwi
Soma igitabo n'urutonde rwacyo muri Maktaba Shamela
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