Intangiriro y'Igitabo

Ishimwe n'ishyaka ni ibya Allah, Umuremyi w'ibiriho byose. Amahoro n'imigisha bisendereye bibe ku woherejwe ari impuhwe ku biremwa byose, Umutware wacu Muhamadi mwene Abdullahi, Umunyakuri wizerwa ku isezerano, n'abo mu muryango we, n'abasangirangendo be b'indashyikirwa b'abanyamahirwe, n'abazabakurikira mu bikorwa byiza kugeza ku munsi w'imperuka. Nyagasani, uri uwo kwambazwa, nta bumenyi dufite uretse ubwo wowe watwigishije. Allah, twigishe ibitugirira umumaro, kandi utugirire umumaro ku byo watwigishije, utwongerere ubumenyi, kwihangana, n'ubwenge. Mu vy'ukuri, Wowe uri Umumenyi uzi byose, Uwihangana, Ushishoza. Nyagasani, fungura igituza cyanjye, unyure ingoyi y'ururimi rwanjye kugira ngo basobanukirwe n'ijambo ryanjye.

Nyuma y'ibi, nishimiye kugeza ku musomyi w'icyubahiro icyegeranyo cyatoranyijwe mu magambo y'Intumwa ﷺ y'incamugongo, nayakuye mu gitabo cyanjye kizwi cyane cyitwa “Safwat al-Ahadith al-Nabawiyya al-Shareefa” (Hadith nziza cyane z'Intumwa). Izi ni Hadith zemejwe ubuziranenge bwazo n'imamu nyinshi z'ukuri, nyuma y'intsinzi yagezweho n'igitabo cya “Safwat”, kikaba ari inkoranyamagambo yuzuye Allah yampaye icyubahiro cyo gukusanya, gutegura, gushyira mu bice, no gusobanura amagambo yacyo akomeye mu myaka yashize. Icyo gitabo cyakiriwe neza n'ubushishozi n'abashakashatsi mu by'ubumenyi mu bihugu by'Abarabu n'ibiyisilamu ku isi yose, kubera ko gikubiyemo Hadith z'Intumwa z'ingenzi kandi zikomeye kurusha izindi, izo nta gushidikanya ku buziranenge bwazo kubera ko imamu nyinshi za Hadith zabyemeranyijweho. Izi ni Hadith umuyisilamu akenera mu idini rye no mu buzima bwe bw'isi. Mu gitabo cya “Safwat”, nibanze ku Hadith zerekeye imyemerere, ibikorwa byo gusenga, amategeko, ubwenge bw'Intumwa, gushishikariza ibyiza no kuburira ku bibi, ibyiza by'ibikorwa, imico n'imyifatire, ubumenyi, ubuvuzi, isobanurampamvu rya Korani, inkuru z'ibigeragezo n'ibimenyetso by'imperuka, imiterere y'umunsi w'izuka, ijuru n'umuriro, n'ibindi byose bifitiye umuyisilamu umumaro mu idini rye no mu buzima bwe, hamwe n'izindi nyigisho n'inyigisho zikora ku mutima... kugira ngo kibe inyandiko y'ibumbure ya Hadith yoroshye kuboneka, yegereye abashakashatsi, kandi kibe igitabo cy'amateka kigaragaza Hadith zemeranyijweho n'imamu za Hadith, ziriho ibimenyetso by'abazikuye mu masoko yazo y'oryanjye, Allah ubishatse.

Iki gitabo cyashimiwe n'intiti nyinshi, abahanga ba Hadith, n'abatekereza, bakibona nk'inyandiko y'ubumenyi bwa Hadith y'iki gihe yuzuye, kubera ko gikubiyemo Hadith z'Intumwa z'ukuri kurusha izindi kandi zikomeye mu ruhererekane rwazo no mu matini yazo. Ni igitabo ntarabanjirijweho kandi nta kindi cyanditswe mu buryo nk'ubwayo. Nyuma y'icapwa ryacyo rya cumi na kane, nabonye ko iki gitabo, nubwo gifite akamaro n'umwanya w'ubumenyi nk'inyandiko n'indangashakiro yuzuye ku bashaka kwizera ubuziranenge bwa Hadith z'Intumwa, ahanini kireba urwego rw'abahanga n'abatekereza mu banyeshuri b'ubumenyi, intiti, n'abahanga ba Hadith. Kubera icyifuzo cya bamwe mu bavandimwe bacu b'intiti n'abanyacyubahiro, basabye ko habaho incamake y'igitabo cya “Safwat” kubera ko harimo Hadith zimwe zisubiramo bitewe n'itandukaniro ry'intangiriro zazo, cyangwa inyongera y'ijambo cyangwa amagambo, cyangwa itandukaniro ry'abazivuze mu matini yazo ariko zifite ibisobanuro bimwe cyangwa byegeranye. Ibi byatumye tuzikuramo muri iki cyegeranyo cy'amagambo y'Intumwa, kugira ngo byorohe kuboneka no gufatwa mu mutwe ku ubishaka. Naho ushaka icyegeranyo cya Hadith nta gushidikanya ku buziranenge bwazo, yagaruka ku gitabo cya “Safwat al-Ahadith al-Nabawiyya al-Shareefa” cyuzuye. Iki gitabo cy'amagambo y'Intumwa ﷺ kigomba kuba cyoroshye gukoreshwa no gutungwa n'ingeri zose z'abanyeshuri n'abiga ubumenyi bw'idini n'ubw'isi, kugira ngo hagaragazwe ubwiza bw'amagambo y'Intumwa ﷺ, imigenzo ye, n'imvugo ze z'incamugongo, izo umwemera cyangwa utari umwemera n'umunyakuri nabibona, bizamugaragarira neza ko ari uguhishurirwa guturuka kwa Nyagasani Allah yahaye Intumwa itazi gusoma no kwandika ﷺ. Izi Hadith zose zishize hamwe zigize ubumenyi bw'ubwenge buhambaye butashobora guturuka ahandi uretse ku wo Allah yatoranyije ngo abe impuhwe ku biremwa byose, nk'uko Umuremyi Nyiricyubahiro yavuze ati: 'Nta kindi twakuhereje uretse kuba impuhwe ku biremwa byose.' Kandi na we ubwe ﷺ yarivuzeho ati: 'Mu vy'ukuri, ndi impuhwe zatanzwe ho impano.' Izi Hadith zishimangira ibi bisobanuro kandi zikajyana n'ubwenge, indangagaciro, imico y'Isilamu n'iy'ubumuntu y'indashyikirwa, izubahwa kandi zigahabwa agaciro n'abatekereza n'intiti bose b'inyangamugayo ku isi.

Nifuje kandi kugeza ubu bwenge n'ibi bikorwa by'indashyikirwa bya Muhamadi ku bavandimwe bacu baba mu mahanga, kugira ngo bagerageze kubigeza nk'inyandiko ntagatifu z'Isilamu. Ndasaba buri wese muri bo ubishoboye kugerageza kugitraduzira mu ndimi zikoreshwa mu bihugu barimo, kugira ngo bibe intangiriro yo kugeza imitekereze y'Isilamu ihambaye nk'ubutumwa bw'isi yose burimo impuhwe, urukundo, n'ubuvandimwe ku baharanira kubana mu mahoro ashingiye ku butabera n'imico myiza.

Kandi kubera ko umugenzo (Sunna) w'Intumwa y'icyubahiro ﷺ ufite uruhare rwihariye kandi rw'indashyikirwa mu kubaka umuco w'Abarabu n'uw'Isilamu, kandi ukaba ufite umwanya w'ibanze mu mategeko y'Isilamu, haje itegeko rya Allah risobanutse ryerekana ko ari ngombwa gukurikiza inyigisho z'Intumwa ﷺ, aho Nyagasani yavuze mu gitabo cye ati: 'Icyo Intumwa ibahaye mukijyane, n'icyo ibabujije mukireke.' Kandi Allah Nyiricyubahiro yaramwihariye agira ati: 'Kandi mu vy'ukuri, uyobora ku nzira igororotse.' Kandi abwira abemera ati: 'Mu vy'ukuri, mufite mu Ntumwa ya Allah icyitegererezo cyiza ku wizerera Allah n'umunsi w'imperuka kandi akibuka Allah cyane.'

Allah Nyiricyubahiro yategetse Intumwa ye y'icyubahiro ﷺ kugeza ibyo yahishuriwe agira ati: 'Yewe Ntumwa, geza (ku bantu) ibyo wahishuriwe biturutse kwa Nyagasani wawe.' Mu yindi mirongo, Allah asobanura ko yahishuriye Intumwa ye y'icyubahiro urwibutso rushishoza (Korani) kugira ngo arusobanurire abantu agira ati: 'Kandi twaguhishuriye urwibutso kugira ngo usobanurire abantu ibyo bahishuriwe, kandi kugira ngo batekereze.' Allah Nyirubushobozi ashimangira ko mu biranga umwemera harimo gukurikiza ibyo Allah n'Intumwa ye baciye agira ati: 'Ntabwo bikwiye ku mwemera w'umugabo cyangwa umwemera w'umugore, mu gihe Allah n'Intumwa ye baciye urubanza, kugira amahitamo mu kibazo cyabo. Kandi uwasuzuguye Allah n'Intumwa ye, mu vy'ukuri yaba ayobye ubuyobe bugaragara.' Kandi Nyirubushobozi ashimangira ko Intumwa y'icyubahiro ﷺ atavuga biturutse ku marangamutima ye, ahubwo ari ku buyobozi bw'ubuhishuzi bwa Allah agira ati: 'Kandi ntavuga biturutse ku marangamutima.' Nanone yategetse abemera kumwumvira, maze ahuza kumwumvira no kumwumvira Allah agira ati: 'Kandi uzumvira Allah n'Intumwa, abo bazaba bari kumwe n'abo Allah yahundagajeho inema ze mu bahanuzi, abanyakuri, abahowe Imana, n'abakora ibyiza. Kandi abo ni incuti nziza cyane.' Hariho n'indi mirongo myinshi ishishikariza umuyisilamu gukurikiza inyigisho z'Intumwa ﷺ, kwirinda ibyo yabujije, no gukomera ku mugenzo we.

Nta gushidikanya ko Korani Ntagatifu ari isoko rya mbere ry'amategeko y'Isilamu, kandi ko umugenzo w'Intumwa ﷺ mu magambo n'ibikorwa ari isoko rya kabiri. Ni wo usobanura amategeko ya Korani Ntagatifu, ukaba ari wo wihariye ibyerekeye ibyagutse, cyangwa ukagena ibyari bifunguye, cyangwa ugasobanura ibyari muri rusange. Ndetse ushobora no kwiharira gushyiraho amategeko ku bintu bitagaragaye muri Korani na gato. Kubera uyu mwanya, intiti z'umuryango w'abayisilamu n'imamu zabo bawuhaye uburyo bwihariye bwo kuwitaho, bakoresha iby'agaciro n'imbaraga mu kuwukusanya no kuwutunganya, kandi bahimba uburyo bwo gukusanya Hadith z'Intumwa no kuzitunganya hakurikijwe intego zabo, bakora ingendo bajya kuzishaka kandi bahugira mu kuzandika no kuzishyira mu bice.

Ibi byatangiye igihe abasangirangendo b'icyubahiro bafataga mu mutwe Hadith, bakazibika mu mitima yabo. Bahataniraga kuzifata mu mutwe no kuzigenzura, kuko Intumwa y'icyubahiro ﷺ yari yababujije kuzandika mu minsi ya mbere y'ubutumwa, kubera gutinya ko zavangwa na Korani Ntagatifu. Nyuma yaho, Intumwa ﷺ yemereye bamwe mu basangirangendo kwandika, nka Ali mwene Abi Talib, Abu Shah, na Jabir mwene Abdullahi (Allah abishimire), hanyuma na Abdullahi mwene Amr mwene al-As (Allah abishimire bombi), nyuma y'uko bamwe mu basangirangendo bamubwiye babonye yandika buri kintu cyose gisohotse ku Ntumwa ﷺ bati: 'Ese wandika buri kintu cyose wumvise ku Ntumwa ya Allah, kandi Intumwa ya Allah ari umuntu uvuga mu gihe cy'uburakari no mu gihe cy'ibyishimo?' Ibyo yabibwiye Intumwa ﷺ maze iramubwira iti: 'Andika, kuko ndahiye ku wo ubugingo bwanjye buri mu maboko ye, nta gisohoka muri uyu — yerekana umunwa we — uretse ukuri.' Ibi byashimangiwe na Abu Hurayrah agira ati: 'Nta n'umwe mu basangirangendo b'Intumwa ufite Hadith nyinshi kumurusha uretse Abdullahi mwene Amr, kuko we yandikaga naho njye ntiyandikaga.' Inyandiko za Abdullahi mwene Amr mwene al-As zamenyekanye mu basangirangendo kandi bazita 'al-Sahifa al-Sadiqa' (Inyandiko y'ukuri). Ibi byose byari ikimenyetso cy'uburyo abasangirangendo b'icyubahiro (Allah abishimire) bitwararitswe kandi bakagira ishyaka ryo gufata mu mutwe amagambo y'Intumwa y'icyubahiro ﷺ n'ibikorwa bye, kugeza ubwo babigize uburyo bw'imikorere n'umugenzo ngiro mu bintu byose, kandi bafashijwe n'ubushobozi bwabo bukomeye bwo gufata mu mutwe n'imitima yabo isukuye, hiyongereyeho ko bamwe muri bo bandikaga Hadith nyinshi. Ibi byatumye umuryango w'abasangirangendo muri Madina uba urugero rwuzuye rw'umuryango wa mbere w'Isilamu ukomeye ku mugenzo w'Intumwa, maze ibyo byose byimukana n'abasangirangendo (Allah abishimire) bijya mu miryango y'ababakurikiye (Tabi'una), aho abavuzi ba Hadith bakuru muri bo bagejeje ubu bukungu bukomeye n'ibintu by'agaciro ku badukuriye.

Igihe Isilamu yakwiraga, leta y'Isilamu ikaguka, kandi abasangirangendo bagatatanyirika mu mijyi itandukanye, habayeho gukenera kwandika Hadith mu bitabo byateguwe neza. Mu ba mbere bitaye kuri iki kibazo harimo Khalifa Umar mwene Abd al-Aziz, maze atanga itegeko ku bayobozi be n'intiti z'imijyi ryo kwandika Hadith no kuzikusanya. Uwa mbere watangiye ibyo ni Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri (124 H), Ibn Ishaq (151 H), na Sufyan al-Thawri (161 H). Mu bitabo bizwi cyane byatugezeho muri icyo gihe harimo 'al-Muwatta' cy'Imamu Malik (93-179), hanyuma 'al-Musannaf' cya Abd al-Razzaq (211 H), na 'al-Musannaf' cya Ibn Abi Shaybah (235 H) n'abandi. Hanyuma hinjiye icyiciro gishya cyo gutunganya Hadith, aho bamwe bakusanyaga buri kintu cyose cyavuzwe ku Ntumwa ﷺ maze bandika 'al-Masanid', bikaba ari ibitabo bikubiyemo Hadith z'Intumwa n'uruhererekane rwazo batandukanije iz'ukuri n'izindi. Mu ba mbere banditse 'al-Masanid' harimo Imamu Ahmad (wavutse 164 apfa 241) na Uthman mwene Abi Shaybah (156-239) n'abandi. Hari n'abandi bihariye gukusanya iz'ukuri gusa batashyizemo izidafite imbaraga, kandi uwa mbere wanditse muri ubu buryo ni Imamu al-Bukhari (256), hanyuma Imamu Muslim (261), maze intiti nyinshi zikurikira inzira yabo. Nyuma yaho, ibyandikwa kuri Hadith byakwiriye mu buryo bwose, habaho 'al-Masanid', 'al-Sahih', 'al-Sunan', 'al-Mustadrakat', 'al-Mustakhrajat', hanyuma 'al-Jawami' n'ibindi bitabo bya Hadith n'amategeko yabyo mu ngeri zitandukanye. Ibi byose nyuma byaje kuba umusingi w'ubumenyi bwa Hadith mu bijyanye n'uruhererekane (Riwaya) n'ibisobanuro (Diraya).

Ntabwo twigeze twumva ko hari ubumenyi na bumwe mu mateka bwagize isano y'uruhererekane rw'abantu bizerwa, b'inyangamugayo, kandi bafite ubushobozi bwo kubika neza, nk'uyu mwanya w'icyubahiro umugenzo w'Intumwa (Sunna) wagize. Intiti z'umuryango n'imamu zabo zawuhaye uburyo bwihariye bwo kuwitaho, kugeza ubwo bashoboye gukora isomero rinini cyane ritagira icyo rigereranywa na cyo mu mateka, maze bahimba uburyo bwo gukusanya Hadith z'Intumwa no kuzitunganya. Ibi byatangiye kuva mu minsi ya mbere y'ubutumwa bw'Intumwa, kandi hatugezeho amagana y'ibitabo bya Hadith, kandi ahanini muri ibi bitabo harimo iz'ukuri (Sahih), iziri mu rwego rwo hagati (Hasan), izidafite imbaraga (Da'if), n'izahimbwe (Mawdu').

Ntabwo nabahisha ko kuva mu ntangiriro y'ubuzima bwanjye bw'ubwenge, icyo nakundaga cyane cyari ugusoma no kwiga ibitabo by'umugenzo w'Intumwa na Hadith. Akenshi naryoherwaga cyane kandi nkishima mu gihe niga Hadith z'Intumwa ﷺ, nzikurikirana, nziyemeza ubuziranenge, kandi nzisesengura. Ariko icyabangamiraga ibyishimo byanjye ni ukubaho kwa Hadith zimwe ziteza urujijo kandi zidahuye n'intego z'amategeko y'idini asobanutse. Akenshi nasabaga intiti n'abahanga ba Hadith kuduha igitabo kimwe gikubiyemo Hadith z'Intumwa z'ukuri kandi zikomeye kurusha izindi umuyisilamu akenera mu idini rye no mu buzima bwe. Ibi ni uko umunyeshuri w'ubumenyi ushaka Hadith runaka mu bitabo bitandukanye bya Hadith, akenshi yisanga imbere y'icyegeranyo kinini cyane cya Hadith kirenga ibihumbi ijana, izo imamu zitandukanye mu bitekerezo byazo ku rwego rw'ubuziranenge bwa buri imwe cyangwa intege nke zayo. Nibazaga nti: 'Ese umuyisilamu yashobora ate kumenya isoko rya kabiri ry'ingenzi ry'amategeko ye muri aya makumyabiri y'ibihumbi ya Hadith, izo n'abahanga ubwabo bazimirira mu nyanja zazo...?!'

Ibi byatumye nongera kwiga ibitabo bya Hadith bizwi cyane mu bijyanye n'uruhererekane n'ibisobanuro, maze nkurikira ubushakashatsi bwanjye bworoheje kugeza igihe navumbuye ko hari bake mu bahanga ba Hadith bashyizeho ikusanyirizo ry'iz'ukuri gusa mu bitabo byabo, kandi bashyiraho amategeko n'ibisabwa kugira ngo Hadith yemerwe. Ab'ingenzi muri bo ni abo Imamu al-Suyuti yavuze mu ntangiriro y'igitabo cye 'al-Jami' al-Kabir' kandi akerekana ko ibitabo byabo 'birangwa n'ubuziranenge'. Ibi byashimangiwe na sogokuru, Imamu w'umuhanga wa Hadith Muhamadi mwene Jafar al-Kattani mu gitabo cye 'al-Risala al-Mustatrafa' mu gusobanura ibitabo by'umugenzo w'Intumwa bizwi cyane, agira ati: 'Muri byo harimo ibitabo ba nyirabyo biyemeje gushyiramo iz'ukuri gusa.' Abo ba Imamu batanze iby'agaciro mu gihe cyabo, amafaranga yabo, n'imbaraga zabo kugira ngo bagenzure ubuziranenge bwa buri kantu kose kavuzwe ku Ntumwa ﷺ. Imamu nyinshi za Hadith zemeranyijwe kugabanya Hadith z'Intumwa mu bice bitatu by'ingenzi:

Sahih (Iy'ukuri), Hasan (Iy'urwego rwo hagati), na Da'if (Iyidafite imbaraga), kandi dore ibisobanuro birambuye:

Icya mbere: Hadith y'ukuri (Sahih) ni iyavuzwe n'umuntu w'inyangamugayo kandi ufite ubushobozi bwo kubika neza, ayikuye ku wundi umeze nka we kugeza ku mpera yayo, kandi irimo ibice bitatu:

Hadith ya Mutawatir: Ni iyavuzwe n'itsinda ry'abantu riyikuye ku rindi tsinda, ku buryo bidashoboka ko bose bahurira ku kinyoma.

Hadith ya Mash-hur: Ni iyavuzwe n'abavuzi bizerwa nibura batatu.

Hadith ya Ahad: Ni Hadith y'ukuri yihariwe n'umuvuzi umwe wizerwa.

Icya kabiri: Hadith ya Hasan: Ni ifite ibiranga kwemerwa ariko ku rwego rwo hasi.

Icya gatatu: Hadith ya Da'if: Ni itagira na kimwe mu biranga kwemerwa, kandi ifite ibice byinshi.

Naho Hadith Qudsi: Ni Hadith Intumwa ﷺ avuga abikuye kwa Nyagasani Allah Nyiricyubahiro. Izi Hadith, nk'izindi Hadith z'Intumwa, harimo iz'ukuri, iz'urwego rwo hagati, izidafite imbaraga, n'izahimbwe.

Hashingiwe kuri ubu bushakashatsi bwagutse bwa Hadith, nibanze mu gitabo cyanjye cya mbere 'Safwat al-Ahadith al-Nabawiyya' ku Hadith zemeranyijweho n'imamu nyinshi z'ukuri. Iyo Hadith iriho ikimenyetso cy'uko yakuweho n'imamu nyinshi z'ukuri nubwo batandukanye mu bitekerezo, mu bihugu, no mu bihe, ibi bishaka kuvuga ko buri wese muri bo yakoresheje imbaraga ze zose kugira ngo yemeze ko yaturutse ku Ntumwa y'icyubahiro ﷺ. Ibi bituma habaho uburyo bw'ubwenge, ubw'aho bakomoka, n'ubw'amateka mu kuzemeza, bityo bigatuma Hadith ziri muri 'Safwat al-Ahadith' zigera ku rwego rwo kwizera kudasubirwaho ko zaturutse ku Ntumwa y'icyubahiro ﷺ. Kuko bidashoboka ko bose bahurira ku kosa, cyangwa ku kudohoka, cyangwa ngo babeshyerwe bose hamwe. Iyo tumenye nk'urugero ko Hadith y'icyubahiro ivuga iti: 'Mukore, kuko buri wese yoroherwa n'icyo yaremewe' yanditswe n'imamu z'ukuri zirenga icumi, ibi bituma twemeza ko iri mu z'ukuri kurusha izindi.

Ni muri urwo rwego navuze ko kwizera kwacu ubuziranenge bwa Hadith kwongerwa n'ubwinshi bw'abayanditse mu mami z'ukuri. Bityo habaho iri toranywa ry'indashyikirwa rya Hadith zemeranyijweho n'imamu nyinshi z'ukuri, zikaba zigera hafi kuri Hadith ibihumbi bine zikubiyemo amashami y'amategeko y'idini asobanutse, kuva ku myemerere, ibikorwa byo gusenga, imibanire, ibihano, imico, imyifatire, ubuyobozi n'ibindi. Zose ntizivuguruza Korani Ntagatifu, cyangwa intego n'amahame y'idini, cyangwa ubumenyi budashidikanywaho.

Nashyizeho ibimenyetso by'imamu hakurikijwe igihe babereyeho muri iki gitabo cyanjye, kandi nerekana hano ibimenyetso by'ingenzi natoranyije by'imamu za Hadith (Allah abishimire), ibyo imamu nyinshi za Hadith zemeranyijweho, ari byo:

(Kh) kuri al-Bukhari, (M) kuri Muslim, (Q) ku cyemeranyijweho na bo bombi, (D) kuri Abu Dawud, (T) kuri al-Tirmidhi, (N) kuri al-Nasa'i, (H) kuri Ibn Majah, (Abane) kuri abo bane, (Batatu) kuri bo uretse Ibn Majah, (Hm) kuri Ahmad mwene Hanbal mu Musnad ye, (Am) ku nyongera z'umuhungu we Abdullahi, (K) kuri al-Hakim muri al-Mustadrak, (Hb) kuri Ibn Hibban mu Sahih ye, (Khz) kuri Ibn Khuzaymah mu Sahih ye, (Tb), (Ts), (Tc) kuri al-Tabarani mu bitabo bye: al-Kabir, al-Awsat, na al-Saghir, (S) kuri Sa'id mwene Mansur mu Sunan ye, (Khd) kuri al-Bukhari muri al-Adab, (Tkh) kuri al-Bukhari muri al-Tarikh, (D) kuri al-Diya al-Maqdisi muri al-Mukhtara, (Fi) kuri al-Shafi'i mu Musnad ye, (Sh) kuri Ibn Abi Shaybah mu Musnad al-Musannaf, (Ab) kuri Abd al-Razzaq mu Jami' na al-Musannaf, (A) kuri Abu Ya'la mu Musnad ye, (Qt) kuri al-Daraqutni mu Sunan na al-Afrad, (Fr) kuri al-Daylami muri al-Firdaws, (Hl) kuri Abu Nu'aym muri al-Hilya, (Hb, Hq) kuri al-Bayhaqi mu bitabo bye bitandukanye, (Ad) kuri Ibn Adi muri al-Kamil, (Aq) kuri al-Uqayli muri al-Du'afa, (Kht) kuri al-Khatib mu Jami' na al-Tarikh, (Mi) kuri al-Darimi mu Sunan ye, (T) kuri al-Tayalisi mu Musnad ye, (Kr) kuri Ibn Asakir mu Tarikh ye, (Bz) kuri al-Bazzar mu Sunan ye.

Natoranyije ibi bikorwa by'indashyikirwa mu Hadith z'Intumwa mbikuye mu gitabo cyanjye 'Safwat al-Ahadith al-Nabawiyya al-Shareefa' maze ncyita 'Jawami' al-Kalim al-Nabawi al-Sharif' (Icyegeranyo cy'Amagambo meza y'Intumwa). Muri cyo harimo indobanure y'indobanure n'indashyikirwa muri Hadith zishimangira ubuhambaye bw'Intumwa y'icyubahiro ﷺ, ubwenge bwe, ubumenyi bwe, kuba ari uw'isi yose, kwihangana kwe, ubutwari bwe, kurwanya akarengane n'abarenganya, gushimangira ukuri, no gukuraho ikinyoma, kugira ngo bibe itara rimurikira abana bacu n'umuryango wose.

Kandi ndasaba Allah mbikuye ku mutima ko naba naramaze kugeza ku Isilamu ikomeye muri rusange, no ku mugenzo w'Intumwa w'icyubahiro by'umwihariko, igikorwa gikomeye kizagira uruhare, Allah ubishatse, mu guhuza abayisilamu, no kwegereza Isilamu n'umwuka wayo uhoraho mu mitima y'abize n'abatekereza b'inyangamugayo mu burasirazuba n'uburengerazuba bw'isi. Allah avuga ukuri kandi ni We uyobora ku nzira igororotse. Ishimwe ni irya Allah wavuze ati: 'Kandi hejuru ya buri mumenyi hariho Uzi byose.' Amahoro, impuhwe, n'imigisha bya Allah Nyiricyubahiro bibe kuri mwe.

Porofeseri Dogiteri Abd al-Qadir al-Makki al-Kattani
Umujyanama n'Umwarimu w'Ubuhanga n'Inyigisho z'Isilamu zo hejuru

Intumwa ﷺ yaravuze iti: 'Allah amurike mu maso h'umuntu wumvise ikintu kuri twe akakigeza ku bandi uko yakumvise; kuko akenshi uwamenyeshejwe aba asobanukiwe kurusha uwumvise.'